Which Covariates to Adjust for? Specification-robust Causal Inference in Observational Studies
应调整哪些协变量?观察研究中对模型设定稳健的因果推断AI 解读 ↓
本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。
DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要;缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。
本页为预印本版本;arXiv 收录、作者填写的期刊信息以及作者既有发表经历,都不单独证明本篇已接收。作者发表记录按 OpenAlex 身份与完整姓名、本站覆盖期刊 ISSN 及正式卷期核对,只展示已核实例,档案仍可能误合并。
引用量采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录,不合计多个记录;关联记录可能包含正式发表版本,不等于此版本单独引用。缺失不视为零,引用指标不代表论文质量。
关注作者按书目中的完整姓名匹配,同名和姓名变体需人工辨别。相关论文先按共享细分方向和具体方法排列,再参考通用方法与发表日期。
AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确研究观察性因果推断中的协变量调整、平均处理效应和目标人群重加权。
应调整哪些协变量?观察研究中对模型设定稳健的因果推断AI 解读 ↓
正在核对关联版本…
正在核对对应版本的资源…
In observational causal inference, domain knowledge often leaves multiple covariate adjustments plausible, yet which sets satisfy ignorability is untestable. Different adjustment sets can yield conflicting estimates of the average treatment effect, and standard remedies (adjusting for their union or intersection, or reporting the union or convex hull of confidence intervals) can fail or produce intervals whose width does not vanish with sample size. We propose a specification-robust procedure that returns a single point estimate and a confidence interval that is valid as long as at least one candidate adjustment set is valid and has width shrinking at the parametric $n^{-1/2}$ rate. Our approach mirrors how trimming and overlap weighting handle overlap violations:~We shift the target to a reweighted population, closest in KL-divergence to the original population, for which credible, specification-robust inference is feasible. We also provide diagnostic plots to assess the population shift and an extension to protect any function of the covariates used for reweighting, similar to calipers in matching. Synthetic and real-data examples demonstrate that our procedure provides substantially tighter confidence intervals than the convex hull while maintaining nominal coverage.