Directional Rates of Change Under Spatial Process Models
空间过程模型下的方向变化率AI 解读 ↓
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空间过程模型下的方向变化率AI 解读 ↓
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Spatial process models are now widely used for inference in many areas of application. In such contexts interest is often in the rate of change of a spatial surface at a given location in a given direction. Examples include temperature or rainfall gradients in meteorology, pollution gradients for environmental data, and surface roughness assessment for digital elevation models. Because the spatial surface is viewed as a random realization, all such rates of change are random as well. We formalize the notions of directional finite difference processes and directional derivative processes building upon the concept of mean square differentiability as developed by Stein and Banerjee and Gelfand. We obtain complete distribution theory results under the assumptions of a stationary Gaussian process model either for the data or for spatial random effects. We present inference under a Bayesian framework which, in this setting, presents several advantages. Finally, we illustrate our methodology with a simulated dataset and also with a real estate dataset consisting of selling prices of individual homes.
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Current approaches for modeling discrete-valued outcomes associated with spatially-dependent areal units incur computational and theoretical challenges, especially in the Bayesian setting when full posterior inference is desired. As an alternative, we propose a novel statistical modeling framework for this data setting, namely a mixture of directed graphical models (MDGMs). The components of the mixture, directed graphical models, can be represented by directed acyclic…
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图分割贝叶斯因果森林:空间异质性处理效应估计
In spatial observational studies, treatment assignment and outcomes often exhibit spatial dependence patterns, and treatment effects may vary across space and subpopulations due to both measured and unmeasured spatially structured confounders. Accounting for spatial dependence while estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) is a central task in spatial causal inference. Causal Bayesian additive regression tree methods are popular nonparametric methods for modeling…