Segregation analysis of human pedigrees using estimating equations
基于估计方程的人类家系遗传分离分析AI 解读 ↓
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基于估计方程的人类家系遗传分离分析AI 解读 ↓
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Studies in genetic epidemiology are generally required to collect phenotypes on subjects from human pedigrees that consist of blood relatives and their spouses. One of the main objectives in analyzing pedigree data is to study the segregation of underlying genes that may predispose certain phenotypes and thus cause phenotypic aggregation within pedigrees. Most classical segregation methods are maximum likelihood-based under highly specified distributional assumptions for phenotypes given underlying genes. The assumptions are usually not testable with available data, and their misspecification may affect estimation of and inference about parameters of interest. Following the conceptual framework of the classical segregation methods, this paper introduces an estimating equation-based method that requires no distributional assumption concerning the joint distribution of phenotypes given underlying genes. Moreover, manageable computation allows one to fit a general segregation model with subject-specific covariates and their interactions with underlying genes. The model admits both continuous and binary phenotypes. A strategy for segregation analysis and two relevant test statistics are described.
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Online multifactorial experiments requires early stopping for practically negligible effects while controlling false stopping under continuous monitoring and retaining precise treatment-effect estimation. We develop a design-driven framework that chooses allocation and the evidence rule jointly, treating allocation as evidence collection and testing and estimation as complementary uses of the same evidence. For multifactor experiments with nuisance block effects and…