Network-aware IV Regression for Causal Node Discovery and Estimation
利用网络结构的工具变量回归:因果节点发现与估计AI 解读 ↓
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利用网络结构的工具变量回归:因果节点发现与估计AI 解读 ↓
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Estimating causal effects from high-dimensional, structured exposures is a fundamental challenge in modern applications ranging from neuroscience and finance to environmental science. While the literature has addressed high-dimensional instrumental variable (IV) regression, and separately leveraged graph structure in penalized regression, the integration of both, especially for causal support recovery in the presence of latent confounding, remains unexplored. In this work, we propose a novel two-stage regression framework that incorporates instrumental variables and graph-based regularization to uncover sparse causal effects among network-structured exposures. Our method accommodates both valid and partially invalid instruments, and encourages structural similarity among connected predictors through a graph-fused penalty. We establish non-asymptotic guarantees for estimation accuracy and causal variable selection, and demonstrate that our approach yields improved performance over existing methods that ignore network dependencies or invalid IVs. Applied to ADNI brain imaging and genetic data, our method identifies interpretable causal ROIs associated with cognitive outcomes, underscoring the utility of graph-assisted IV regression in neuroscience and beyond.
基于大语言模型文本测量的再犯预测、同伴效应估计与预测辅助推断
We provide a new framework for estimating peer effects when outcomes are multivariate behavioral measures derived from written text using an LLM and the network formation is endogenous. We obtain LLM embeddings and zero shot classification of more than 200,000 written exchanges among residents of low-security correctional facilities. We find that LLM embeddings improve out-of-sample recidivism prediction by up to 30% over pre-entry covariates alone using LASSO and LoRA…
部分干扰下用于倾向得分估计的混合效应结果自适应 Lasso
Interference occurs when one individual's treatment or exposure affects another individual's outcome. In particular, we assume partial interference, where individuals are divided into groups such that there is no interference between individuals in different groups. In observational studies, inverse probability weighting (IPW) based on propensity scores is often used for causal effect estimation. However, under partial interference, the group-level propensity score must be…
存在溢出效应的合成控制方法:识别与贝叶斯推断
The synthetic control method (SCM) is widely used for causal inference with panel data, particularly when the number of treated units is small. It relies on the stable unit treatment value assumption (SUTVA), ruling out spillover effects. However, interventions often affect not only treated but also untreated units. This study proposes a novel panel data method that extends standard SCM to account for spillovers and estimate both treatment and spillover effects. The approach…
同时反馈与未观测混杂下的同伴效应估计
Estimating peer causal effects within complex real-world networks such as social networks is challenging, primarily due to simultaneous feedback between peers and unobserved confounders. Existing methods either address unobserved confounders while ignoring the simultaneous feedback, or account for feedback but under restrictive linear assumptions, thus failing to obtain accurate peer effect estimation. In this paper, we propose DIG2RSI, a novel Deep learning framework which…
利用工具变量识别和估计因果同伴效应
In social science researches, causal inference regarding peer effects often faces significant challenges due to homophily bias and contextual confounding. For example, unmeasured health conditions (e.g., influenza) and psychological states (e.g., happiness, loneliness) can spread among closely connected individuals, such as couples or siblings. To address these issues, we define four effect estimands for dyadic data to characterize direct effects and spillover effects. We…
Each year, The Econometrics Journal sponsors a plenary lecture at the Annual Conference of the Royal Economic Society. This Sargan Lecture commemorates the fundamental contributions to and profound influence on econometrics by (John) Denis Sargan. It does so by promoting econometric theory and methods with substantive direct or potential value in applications and their actual empirical application. It is chaired by an editor of The Econometrics Journal and published in the…