Impact of Physical Activity on Quality of Life During Pregnancy: A Causal ML Approach
孕期身体活动对生活质量的影响：因果机器学习方法AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类：摘要明确以身体活动为处理、生活质量为结果，使用因果发现及因果效应估计。
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孕期身体活动对生活质量的影响：因果机器学习方法
- 研究问题
- 对超重及肥胖孕妇而言，孕期和产后的充分身体活动是否影响生活质量，如何结合健康史及情境信息估计这一效应？
- 方法与思路
- 作者使用长期可穿戴健康监测数据，将因果发现与因果推断结合，通过元学习器估计效应，并采用四种反驳分析检查结果。
- 材料陈述的贡献
- 摘要报告充分活动对应身体健康与心理领域平均提高 7.3 和 3.4 单位，并提出结合因果发现和效应估计的分析框架。
- 阅读关注点
- 应核对活动阈值、生活质量量表、时间顺序、混杂控制和失访处理，并确认两个数值对应的领域、时期及不确定性。
- 阅读边界
- 这是 arXiv 预印本，不能据此确认同行评审或接收。摘要未说明识别假设与置信区间，反驳分析不能独自确立因果有效性。
原文摘要
The concept of Quality of Life (QoL) refers to a holistic measurement of an individual's well-being, incorporating psychological and social aspects. Pregnant women, especially those with obesity and stress, often experience lower QoL. Physical activity (PA) has shown the potential to enhance the QoL. However, pregnant women who are overweight and obese rarely meet the recommended level of PA. Studies have investigated the relationship between PA and QoL during pregnancy using correlation-based approaches. These methods aim to discover spurious correlations between variables rather than causal relationships. Besides, the existing methods mainly rely on physical activity parameters and neglect the use of different factors such as maternal (medical) history and context data, leading to biased estimates. Furthermore, the estimations lack an understanding of mediators and counterfactual scenarios that might affect them. In this paper, we investigate the causal relationship between being physically active (treatment variable) and the QoL (outcome) during pregnancy and postpartum. To estimate the causal effect, we develop a Causal Machine Learning method, integrating causal discovery and causal inference components. The data for our investigation is derived from a long-term wearable-based health monitoring study focusing on overweight and obese pregnant women. The machine learning (meta-learner) estimation technique is used to estimate the causal effect. Our result shows that performing adequate physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum improves the QoL by units of 7.3 and 3.4 on average in physical health and psychological domains, respectively. In the final step, four refutation analysis techniques are employed to validate our estimation.