Nested Pseudo-GMM Estimation of Demand for Differentiated Products
差异化产品需求的嵌套伪 GMM 估计AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要以 BLP 差异化产品需求结构模型为对象,并利用消费者外部选项概率进行估计。
差异化产品需求的嵌套伪 GMM 估计AI 解读 ↓
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We propose a fast algorithm for computing the GMM estimator in the BLP demand model (Berry, Levinsohn, and Pakes, 1995). Inspired by nested pseudo-likelihood methods for dynamic discrete choice models, our approach avoids repeatedly solving the inverse demand system by swapping the order of the GMM optimization and the fixed-point computation. We show that, by fixing consumer-level outside-option probabilities, BLP's market-share to mean-utility inversion becomes closed-form and, crucially, separable across products, yielding a nested pseudo-GMM algorithm with analytic gradients. The resulting estimator scales dramatically better with the number of products and is naturally suited for parallel and multithreaded implementation. In the inner loop, outside-option probabilities are treated as fixed objects while a pseudo-GMM criterion is minimized with respect to the structural parameters, substantially reducing computational cost. Monte Carlo simulations and an empirical application show that our method is significantly faster than the fastest existing alternatives, with efficiency gains that grow more than proportionally in the number of products.