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本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。

DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要;缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。

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分类依据与纠错

AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要研究随机试验中的边际处理效应,并通过预后评分调整改善因果效应估计。

反馈分类问题

正在核对关联版本…

代码、数据与补充材料

正在核对对应版本的资源…

关注这篇论文的作者

用预后评分调整提升广义线性模型随机试验边际效应分析的功效

研究问题
如何借助历史对照数据提高随机临床试验中边际处理效应估计的精度与功效,同时避免历史信息借用带来的偏差问题?
方法与思路
作者在历史对照数据上训练预后模型,将评分作为试验插入式广义线性模型分析的协变量,并扩展至负二项回归。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称在连接尺度处理效应可加的条件下达到局部半参数效率,提供保守渐近方差公式,并以模拟展示功效或标准误改善。
阅读关注点
应核对边际效应的定义、预后评分训练与试验分析的分离、局部效率条件,以及方差公式在历史总体迁移下的适用性。
阅读边界
这是 arXiv 预印本,同行评审或期刊接收未核实;摘要称总体迁移不引入偏差,但未完整列明保证所需条件及有限样本边界。

原文摘要

In randomized clinical trials (RCTs), the accurate estimation of marginal treatment effects is crucial for determining the efficacy of interventions. Enhancing the statistical power of these analyses is a key objective for statisticians. The increasing availability of historical data from registries, prior trials, and health records presents an opportunity to improve trial efficiency. However, many methods for historical borrowing compromise strict type-I error rate control. Building on the work by Schuler et al. [2022] on prognostic score adjustment for linear models, this paper extends the methodology to the plug-in analysis proposed by Rosenblum et al. [2010] using generalized linear models (GLMs) to further enhance the efficiency of RCT analyses without introducing bias. Specifically, we train a prognostic model on historical control data and incorporate the resulting prognostic scores as covariates in the plug-in GLM analysis of the trial data. This approach leverages the predictive power of historical data to improve the precision of marginal treatment effect estimates. We demonstrate that this method achieves local semi-parametric efficiency under the assumption of an additive treatment effect on the link scale. We expand the GLM plug-in method to include negative binomial regression. Additionally, we provide a straightforward formula for conservatively estimating the asymptotic variance, facilitating power calculations that reflect these efficiency gains. Our simulation study supports the theory. Even without an additive treatment effect, we observe increased power or reduced standard error. While population shifts from historical to trial data may dilute benefits, they do not introduce bias.

笔记与分组
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