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AdapDISCOM: An Adaptive Sparse Regression Method for High-Dimensional Multimodal Data With Block-Wise Missingness and Measurement Errors

AdapDISCOM:面向块状缺失与测量误差的高维多模态自适应稀疏回归

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代码、数据与补充材料

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关注这篇论文的作者
Maimouna Baldé
Abdoul O. Diakité
Claudia Moreau
Gleb Bezgin
Nikhil Bhagwat
Pedro Rosa-Neto
Simon Girard
Amadou Barry

AdapDISCOM:面向块状缺失与测量误差的高维多模态自适应稀疏回归

研究问题
摘要称,研究如何在多模态高维数据同时存在块状缺失与测量误差时进行统计推断与预测,并兼顾模态间结构与误差幅度的异质性。
方法与思路
作者提出 AdapDISCOM,在 DISCOM 框架上引入模态特定加权,并给出 AdapDISCOM-Huber 与 Fast-AdapDISCOM 等稳健、计算高效的变体;通过模拟与 ADNI 数据应用评估。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称建立了模型选择相合性与收敛率(次高斯与重尾情形),模拟中在异质污染与重尾分布下优于 DISCOM、SCOM、CoCoLasso,并在 ADNI 上改善认知评分预测与生物标志物选择。
阅读关注点
应核对块状缺失与测量误差的具体识别假设、加权方案如何构造、理论条件与收敛率的确切形式,以及模拟与 ADNI 应用的对照设置和评价指标。
阅读边界
仅凭摘要无法判断假设合理性、证明细节、模拟可复现性与实际优越性;该文为 arXiv 预印本,未经同行评审验证,不能据此声称已被期刊接收。

原文摘要

Multimodal high-dimensional data are increasingly prevalent in biomedical research, yet they are often compromised by block-wise missingness and measurement errors, posing significant challenges for statistical inference and prediction. We propose AdapDISCOM, a novel adaptive direct sparse regression method that simultaneously addresses these two pervasive issues. Building on the DISCOM framework, AdapDISCOM introduces modality-specific weighting schemes to account for heterogeneity in data structures and error magnitudes across modalities. We establish the theoretical properties of AdapDISCOM, including model selection consistency and convergence rates under sub-Gaussian and heavy-tailed settings, and develop robust and computationally efficient variants (AdapDISCOM-Huber and Fast-AdapDISCOM). Extensive simulations demonstrate that AdapDISCOM consistently outperforms existing methods such as DISCOM, SCOM, and CoCoLasso, particularly under heterogeneous contamination and heavy-tailed distributions. Finally, we apply AdapDISCOM to Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, demonstrating improved prediction of cognitive scores and reliable selection of established biomarkers, even with substantial missingness and measurement errors. AdapDISCOM provides a flexible, robust, and scalable framework for high-dimensional multimodal data analysis under realistic data imperfections.

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