Revisiting Inference for ARMA Models: Improved Fits and Superior Confidence Intervals
重新审视 ARMA 模型推断:拟合改进与置信区间比较AI 解读 ↓
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重新审视 ARMA 模型推断:拟合改进与置信区间比较AI 解读 ↓
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Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models are widely used for analyzing time series data. However, standard likelihood-based inference methodology for ARMA models has avoidable limitations. We show that currently accepted standards for ARMA likelihood maximization frequently lead to sub-optimal parameter estimates. Existing algorithms have theoretical support, but can result in parameter estimates that correspond to a local optimum. While this possibility has been previously identified, it remains unknown to most users, and no routinely applicable algorithm has been developed to resolve the issue. We introduce a novel random initialization algorithm, designed to take advantage of the structure of the ARMA likelihood function, which overcomes these optimization problems. Additionally, we show that profile likelihoods provide superior confidence intervals to those based on the Fisher information matrix. The efficacy of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through a data analysis example and a series of simulation studies. This work makes a significant contribution to statistical practice by identifying and resolving under-recognized shortcomings of existing procedures that frequently arise in scientific and industrial applications.
高维近似因子时间序列模型的主成分分析:假设、渐近理论与识别
We consider estimation of large approximate factor models in high-dimensional panels of stationary time series using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We review the key results establishing the necessary and sufficient conditions for consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimators, which hold when both the cross-sectional dimension $n$ and the sample size $T$ tend to infinity. Special emphasis is placed on identification. First, we show that the common and…
有意过度识别的局部投影
Local projections (LPs) have become a standard tool for estimating dynamic effects in macroeconomics and are typically implemented using ordinary least squares (OLS) for a given lag order. We propose an alternative approach that exploits additional lags as excluded instrumental variables (IVs). Under a finite-order model with martingale-difference shocks, the resulting (optimally weighted) IV estimator is never asymptotically less efficient than OLS and, as we show, can…
藤Copula VAR:从递归边际估计到联合预测推断
Joint-event forecasts often combine a dependence estimate based on past forecast errors with newly estimated marginal distributions. When each historical error retains the marginal fit available at its issue date, inference must account for an overlapping sequence of estimation errors. We derive their joint influence with the terminal forecast estimates in a stable Vine Copula VAR with normal innovation margins and a fixed, correctly specified Gaussian or positive Clayton…
大冲击宏观模型的快速高效估计
We propose a new approach for efficiently estimating and analyzing macroeconomic models subject to large shocks. We apply the methodology to a two-sector model that captures the heterogeneous exposure of different sectors to the COVID-19 pandemic. We solve the model nonlinearly and propose a new nonlinear, non-Gaussian filter designed to handle large shocks and identify their source and time location. Monte Carlo experiments show that the estimation and identification of…
基于条件异方差识别日度油价冲击及其不确定性
This paper develops a daily structural VAR for identifying oil price shocks from conditional heteroskedasticity and quantifies the transmission of their timevarying uncertainty. Identification exploits volatility clustering and spillovers in a structural GARCH specification and the complete identified set is derived. We derive covariance impulse response functions and introduce a time-varying forecast error variance decomposition (TV-FEVD) that allows for a decomposition of…
观察性时间序列动态因果效应的半参数推断
In observational time series, statistical inference for dynamic causal effects of a one-time intervention across horizons is complicated by high-dimensional observed pre-treatment information, unmeasured confounding, and serial dependence. To address these challenges, we develop a semiparametric framework for inference from a single serially dependent time series, integrating debiased machine learning with instrumental variables through buffered block cross-fitting. Under…