On the design distribution for predictive Bayesian regression
预测式贝叶斯回归中的设计分布AI 解读 ↓
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预测式贝叶斯回归中的设计分布AI 解读 ↓
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The predictive approach to Bayesian inference accesses the posterior distribution via a sequence of one-step-ahead predictives, enabling inference via predictive resampling without Markov chain Monte Carlo. In the random-design regression setting, an explicit specification of the predictive design distribution is required, yet the impact of this choice has received little formal attention. We study the role of this predictive design distribution in parametric martingale posteriors for regression, and identify predictive notions of identifiability and design invariance that are essential for valid inference, particularly in the high-dimensional regression setting. Building on these foundations, we introduce a novel class of parametric martingale posteriors for regression that satisfies a weak form of these desiderata, and naturally accommodates the high-dimensional setting through regularization. We then illustrate our method through a simulation.
多个脑功能网络的贝叶斯联合建模
Investigating the similarity and changes in brain networks under different mental conditions has become increasingly important in neuroscience research. A standard separate estimation strategy fails to pool information across networks and hence has reduced estimation accuracy and power to detect between-network differences. Motivated by a fMRI Stroop task experiment that involves multiple related tasks, we develop an integrative Bayesian approach for jointly modeling…
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High-dimensional sparse clustering is a challenging combinatorial problem due to the tight coupling between cluster assignment and variable selection. We demonstrate that semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation of K-means is robust to variable over-selection by establishing minimax separation bounds. Leveraging this robustness, we offer a twist on the recent trend of using exogenous randomness to evaluate feature importance and control false discovery by partially shifting…
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Causal estimation of treatment effects within prespecified subgroups, such as biomarker-defined strata, disease phenotypes, or demographic groups are often of clinical interest. Bayesian approaches are attractive for subgroup effect estimation because flexible priors can represent complex treatment heterogeneity and propagate posterior uncertainty. Frequentist methods for prespecified causal subgroup analysis with time-to-event outcomes are also available, including…
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We propose a novel procedure for estimating and conducting inference on average marginal effects in partially linear instrumental regressions using Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space methods. Our procedure relies on a single regularization parameter. We obtain the consistency and asymptotic normality of our estimator. Since the variance of the limiting distribution has a complex analytical form, we propose a Bayesian bootstrap method to conduct inference and establish its…
用自助法正则化注意力分数
Vision transformers (ViT) rely on attention mechanism to weigh input features, and therefore attention scores have naturally been considered as explanations for its decision-making process. However, attention scores are almost always non-zero, resulting in noisy and diffused attention maps and limiting interpretability. Can we quantify uncertainty measures of attention scores and obtain regularized attention scores? To this end, we consider attention scores of ViT in a…