The Efficient Deployment of Police Resources: Theory and New Evidence from a Randomized Drunk Driving Crackdown in India
警力资源的有效部署:来自印度随机酒驾严打的理论与新证据AI 解读 ↓
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警力资源的有效部署:来自印度随机酒驾严打的理论与新证据AI 解读 ↓
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Should police activity be narrowly focused and high force, or widely dispersed but of moderate intensity? Critics of intense “hotspot” policing argue it primarily displaces, not reduces, crime. But if learning about enforcement takes time, the police may take advantage of that period to intervene intensively in the most productive location. We propose a multi-armed bandit model of criminal learning and structurally estimate its parameters using data from a randomized controlled experiment on an anti–drunken driving campaign in Rajasthan, India. In each police station, sobriety checkpoints were either rotated among three locations or fixed in the best one, and the intensity of the crackdown was cross-randomized. Overall, checkpoints reduced night accidents by 17% and night deaths by 25%, but fixed checkpoints had no significant effects. In structural estimation, we show clear evidence of driver learning and strategic responses. We use these parameters to simulate environment-specific optimal enforcement policies.