Consistent Labeling Across Group Assignments: Variance Reduction in Conditional Average Treatment Effect Estimation
跨组分配的一致标记:降低条件平均治疗效应估计方差AI 解读 ↓
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跨组分配的一致标记:降低条件平均治疗效应估计方差AI 解读 ↓
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Numerous algorithms have been developed for Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) estimation. In this paper, we first highlight a common issue where many algorithms exhibit inconsistent learning behavior for the same instance across different group assignments. We introduce a metric to quantify and visualize this inconsistency. Next, we present a theoretical analysis showing that this inconsistency indeed contributes to higher test errors and cannot be resolved through conventional machine learning techniques. To address this problem, we propose a general method called \textbf{Consistent Labeling Across Group Assignments} (CLAGA), which eliminates the inconsistency and is applicable to any existing CATE estimation algorithm. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate significant performance improvements with CLAGA.