A REMARK ON BIMODALITY AND WEAK INSTRUMENTATION IN STRUCTURAL EQUATION ESTIMATION
结构方程估计中双峰性与弱工具变量的一点说明AI 解读 ↓
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结构方程估计中双峰性与弱工具变量的一点说明AI 解读 ↓
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In a simple model composed of a structural equation and identity, the finite-sample distribution of the instrumental variable/limited information maximum likelihood (IV/LIML) estimator is always bimodal, and this is most apparent when the concentration parameter is small. Weak instrumentation is the energy that feeds the secondary mode, and the coefficient in the structural identity provides a point of compression in the density that gives rise to it. The IV limit distribution can be normal, bimodal, or inverse normal depending on the behavior of the concentration parameter and the weakness of the instruments. The limit distribution of the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator is normal in all cases and has a much faster rate of convergence under very weak instrumentation. The IV estimator is therefore more resistant to the attractive effect of the identity than OLS. Some of these limit results differ from conventional weak instrument asymptotics, including convergence to a constant in very weak instrument cases and limit distributions that are inverse normal.My thanks to Richard Smith and two referees for comments on an earlier version. Section 2 of the paper is based on lectures given to students over the 1970s and 1980s at Essex, Birmingham, and Yale. Partial support is acknowledged from a Kelly Fellowship at the University of Auckland School of Business and the NSF under Grant SES 04-142254.
作为弱工具变量检验的稳健 F 统计量
For the linear model with a single endogenous variable, (Montiel Olea and Pflueger 2013) proposed the effective F-statistic as a test for weak instruments in terms of the Nagar bias of the two-stage least squares (2SLS) or limited information maximum likelihood (LIML) estimator relative to a benchmark worst-case bias. We show that their methodology for the 2SLS estimator applies to a class of linear generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators with an associated class of…
具有大量弱工具变量的二元响应模型
ABSTRACT This paper considers an endogenous binary response model with many weak instruments. We employ a control function approach and a regularization scheme to obtain better estimation results for the endogenous binary response model in the presence of many weak instruments. Two consistent and asymptotically normally distributed estimators are provided, each of which is called a regularized conditional maximum likelihood estimator (RCMLE) and a regularized nonlinear least…
从大量弱效应实验中学习处理效应的协方差
When primary objectives are insensitive or delayed, experimenters may instead focus on proxy metrics derived from secondary outcomes. For example, technology companies often infer the long-term impacts of product interventions from their effects on short-term user engagement signals. We consider the meta-analysis of many historical experiments to learn the covariance of treatment effects on these outcomes, which can support the construction of such proxies. Even when…
具有大量弱工具变量的二元响应模型
This paper considers an endogenous binary response model with many weak instruments. We employ a control function approach and a regularization scheme to obtain better estimation results for the endogenous binary response model in the presence of many weak instruments. Two consistent and asymptotically normally distributed estimators are provided, each of which is called a regularized conditional maximum likelihood estimator (RCMLE) and a regularized nonlinear least squares…
Summary Linear generalised method of moments (GMM) estimators for dynamic panel models with predetermined or endogenous regressors suffer from a weak instruments problem when the data are highly persistent. In this paper, we propose new random- and fixed-effects limited-information quasi–maximum likelihood estimators (LIQMLEs) for such models. We also discuss LIQMLEs for models that contain time-varying individual effects. Unlike system GMM estimators, the LIQMLEs do not…
多弱工具变量模型的自助法推断
This study’s main contribution is to theoretically analyze the application of bootstrap methods to instrumental variable models when the available instruments may be weak and the number of instruments goes to infinity with the sample size. We demonstrate that a standard residual-based bootstrap procedure cannot consistently estimate the distribution of the limited information maximum likelihood estimator or Fuller (1977) estimator under many/many weak instrument sequence.…