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本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。

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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确研究随机化临床试验中的自适应治疗分配及治疗效果相等检验。

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响应自适应治疗分配设计下的渐近推断

研究问题
临床试验根据既往响应调整治疗分配概率时,如何检验治疗效果相等,并为二元和连续响应建立可用的大样本推断?
方法与思路
作者为二元响应的随机化胜者优先规则构造大样本置换统计量,并为连续响应发展基于秩的类似分配方案,辅以模拟研究。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,二元情形的统计量在一定响应序列条件下渐近正态;两类模拟提示中等规模试验的正态近似较好,但极端尾部偏保守。
阅读关注点
应核对自适应分配规则、置换分布的构造、响应序列条件,以及连续响应秩方案的检验机制和尾部保守性的表现。
阅读边界
仅据版本未注明的 OpenAlex 索引摘要;条件和模拟设定未展开,正态近似结论不能直接推广到任意自适应设计或样本规模。

原文摘要

A response-adaptive treatment allocation design for a clinical trial attempts to place the majority of patients on the treatment that appears more successful, based on the responses of patients already treated. One example of such a design is the randomized play-the-winner rule developed by Wei and Durham, which randomizes the treatment assignment probabilities according to the outcomes of treatments previously assigned. For a trial with dichotomous treatment responses and a randomized play-the-winner assignment scheme, exact small sample permutation tests of the hypothesis of equal treatment effects and large sample tests based on a population model have previously been developed. We present a large sample permutation test statistic for this case; under certain conditions on the sequence of responses, the test statistic is shown to be asymptotically normal. For a trial with a continuous response variable, we develop a rank-based analog of the randomized play-the-winner assignment scheme. Simulation evidence in both cases suggests that a normal approximation to the test statistic works well for moderate-sized trials, with some conservatism in the extreme tails.

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