Posterior Average Effects
后验平均效应AI 解读 ↓
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反馈分类问题后验平均效应AI 解读 ↓
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Economists are often interested in estimating averages with respect to distributions of unobservables, such as moments of individual fixed-effects, or average partial effects in discrete choice models. For such quantities, we propose and study posterior average effects (PAE), where the average is computed conditional on the sample, in the spirit of empirical Bayes and shrinkage methods. While the usefulness of shrinkage for prediction is well-understood, a justification of posterior conditioning to estimate population averages is currently lacking. We show that PAE have minimum worst-case specification error under various forms of misspecification of the parametric distribution of unobservables. In addition, we introduce a measure of informativeness of the posterior conditioning, which quantifies the worst-case specification error of PAE relative to parametric model-based estimators. As illustrations, we report PAE estimates of distributions of neighborhood effects in the U.S., and of permanent and transitory components in a model of income dynamics.
大规模需求估计的贝叶斯机器学习方法
This work studies how Bayesian machine learning methods can be used for large-scale demand estimation with many product categories. I compare two model classes, a latent factorization model and a mixed logit model and two Bayesian estimation approaches, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Variational Inference (VI). The analysis combines a simulation study with an application to supermarket scanner data. The results show that the latent factorization model benefits from…
部分识别离散响应模型的非参数贝叶斯推断
This paper proposes a nonparametric Bayesian inference framework for partially identified discrete response models. The key observation is that these models map a reduced-form conditional choice probability to an identified set. Consequently, nonparametric Bayesian inference for the conditional probability mass function leads to Bayesian inference for the identified set. The inference framework nests conditional moment inequalities and linear systems with unknown…
加速住宅太阳能系统采用:动态结构模型的政策分析
Problem definition: Solar electricity generation is a strategic component of energy portfolios designed to meet growing demand and reduce carbon emissions. Governments and municipalities encourage household photovoltaic (PV) adoption through upfront rebates and tax credits. Limited budgets require principled, data-driven policies that account for the drivers of adoption and the effects of incentives on adoption rates. Methodology/results: We develop a dynamic structural…
刻画非对称选择反应的多项 Probit 模型
Standard multinomial probit (MNP) models specify symmetric latent utility distributions, implying that choice probabilities respond symmetrically to positive and negative covariate shifts of the same magnitude. This restriction is often implausible in empirical choice settings and can lead to misleading elasticity and substitution predictions. We propose a skewed multinomial probit (SMNP) model that captures asymmetric choice responses by specifying a multivariate…
组合响应数据的统计建模
There is a rich literature for modeling binary and polychotomous responses. However, existing methods are inadequate for handling combinatorial responses, where each response is an integer array under additional constraints. Such data are increasingly common in modern applications, such as surveys collected under skip logic, event propagation on a network, and observed matching in ecology. Ignoring the combinatorial structure leads to biased estimation and prediction. The…
用于有序回归的延续比Logit结构化混合模型
We develop a nonparametric Bayesian modeling approach to ordinal regression based on priors placed directly on the discrete distribution of the ordinal responses. The prior probability models are built from a structured mixture of multinomial distributions. We leverage the continuation-ratio logits representation to formulate the mixture kernel, with mixture weights defined through the logit stick-breaking process that incorporates the covariates through a linear function.…