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分类依据与纠错

AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确以 ATT 为目标,并讨论混杂控制、外部对照整合和双重稳健估计,因此归入因果推断。

反馈分类问题

Incorporating External Controls for Estimating the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated with High-Dimensional Data: Retaining Double Robustness and Ensuring Double Safety

高维数据下利用外部对照估计 ATT:保留双重稳健性并确保双重安全性

正在核对关联版本…

代码、数据与补充材料

正在核对对应版本的资源…

关注这篇论文的作者
Chi-Shian Dai
Chao Ying
Yang Ning
Jiwei Zhao

高维数据下利用外部对照估计 ATT:保留双重稳健性并确保双重安全性

研究问题
估计已处理者平均处理效应时,如何利用较大规模的外部对照,避免直接纳入外部样本反而降低效率,并保留双重稳健性?
方法与思路
作者提出新的双重稳健 ATT 估计器,针对外部对照的效率风险设计估计程序,并发展适用于高维混杂变量的渐近理论。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,新估计器在模型误设时仍保证优于不使用外部对照的标准方法;全部模型正确时达到相应半参数效率界。
阅读关注点
应核对外部对照与试验样本的可比较性要求、效率保证的精确定义和条件,以及高维辅助模型估计所需的限制。
阅读边界
这是 arXiv 预印本,不能据此认定已同行评审或获期刊接收;摘要未说明外部数据整合的识别条件及效率保证的完整范围。

原文摘要

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are widely regarded as the gold standard for causal inference in biomedical research. For instance, when estimating the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT), a doubly robust estimation procedure can be applied, requiring either the propensity score model or the control outcome model to be correctly specified. In this paper, we address scenarios where external control data, often with a much larger sample size, are available. Such data are typically easier to obtain from historical records or third-party sources. However, we find that incorporating external controls into the standard doubly robust estimator for ATT may paradoxically result in reduced efficiency compared to using the estimator without external controls. This counterintuitive outcome suggests that the naive incorporation of external controls could be detrimental to estimation efficiency. To resolve this issue, we propose a novel doubly robust estimator that guarantees higher efficiency than the standard approach without external controls, even under model misspecification. When all models are correctly specified, this estimator aligns with the standard doubly robust estimator that incorporates external controls and achieves semiparametric efficiency. The asymptotic theory developed in this work applies to high-dimensional confounder settings, which are increasingly common with the growing prevalence of electronic health record data. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology through extensive simulation studies and a real-world data application.

笔记与分组
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