Probabilistic forecast reconciliation under the Gaussian framework
高斯框架下的概率预测协调AI 解读 ↓
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高斯框架下的概率预测协调AI 解读 ↓
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Forecast reconciliation of multivariate time series is the process of mapping a set of incoherent forecasts into coherent forecasts to satisfy a given set of linear constraints. Commonly used projection matrix based approaches for point forecast reconciliation are OLS (ordinary least squares), WLS (weighted least squares), and MinT (minimum trace). Even though point forecast reconciliation is a well-established field of research, the literature on generating probabilistic forecasts subject to linear constraints is somewhat limited. Available methods follow a two-step procedure. Firstly, it draws future sample paths from the univariate models fitted to each series in the collection (which are incoherent). Secondly, it uses a projection matrix based approach or empirical copula based reordering approach to account for contemporaneous correlations and linear constraints. The projection matrices are estimated either by optimizing a scoring rule such as energy or variogram score, or simply using a projection matrix derived for point forecast reconciliation. This paper proves that (a) if the incoherent predictive distribution is Gaussian then MinT minimizes the logarithmic scoring rule; and (b) the logarithmic score of MinT for each marginal predictive density is smaller than that of OLS. We show these theoretical results using a set of simulation studies. We also evaluate them using the Australian domestic tourism data set.
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LASSO is one of the most popular regularization methods for high-dimensional regression models. While cointegration is common in practical applications of predictive regressions with many regressors, the convex penalty of LASSO overly suppresses the coefficients of cointegrated regressors and therefore fails to deliver consistent parameter estimation. We employ folded concave penalties (FCP), including the well-known SCAD and MCP, to address this issue. Using FCP, we…
跨空间时间序列的预测驱动推断
The following motif is common in spatiotemporal settings: we have a sequence of covariate and label pairs observed for a relatively short, recent time period. We have access to unlabeled covariates over a longer time period. Data is observed over many spatial locations. For instance, crop yield might be observed over a large geographical area for recent years, but weather data (which is informative about crop yield) is available for a much longer period. The goal is to…
藤Copula VAR:从递归边际估计到联合预测推断
Joint-event forecasts often combine a dependence estimate based on past forecast errors with newly estimated marginal distributions. When each historical error retains the marginal fit available at its issue date, inference must account for an overlapping sequence of estimation errors. We derive their joint influence with the terminal forecast estimates in a stable Vine Copula VAR with normal innovation margins and a fixed, correctly specified Gaussian or positive Clayton…
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时间序列共形预测的覆盖率:有效性与推断
Conformal prediction provides marginal coverage guarantees, yet practitioners may wonder if the observed coverage is truly abnormal or consistent with sampling variation. Inference for realized coverage has received comparatively little attention, especially for time series. We study split conformal prediction with adjacent calibration and test sets of temporally dependent data. Using the functional dependence measure, we derive non-asymptotic bounds on marginal coverage…
时间序列中有效且高效的分割共形回归
We study conformalized quantile regression and conformalized median regression that fit a model on one block of a time series and calibrate the conformal interval on the adjacent block. The existing theory of conformal prediction for time series rests largely on mixing conditions, which are hard to verify from a time-series model and fail for many standard processes, including simple ones with short memory. We replace this theoretical toolbox with the functional dependence…