The Determination of the Union Status of Workers
工人工会身份的决定机制AI 解读 ↓
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分类依据与纠错
AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类：摘要将工人意愿与雇主录用视为分别决定工会身份的选择，并明确讨论部分可观测问题，直接对应离散选择模型。
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工人工会身份的决定机制
- 研究问题
- 工人的工会身份如何由其工会代表需求与雇主录用决定共同形成，如何区分不愿取得工会身份与愿意但未获工会岗位的情形？
- 方法与思路
- 作者分别建模工人与提供工会岗位的雇主的决策，处理身份数据的部分可观测问题，并利用就业质量调查中的工人偏好信息识别和估计模型。
- 材料陈述的贡献
- 摘要称，非白人工人的较高工会化率主要源于更强的工会需求；南方工人的较低工会化率由需求较低和岗位供给相对受限共同解释。
- 阅读关注点
- 核对偏好信息如何区分不愿加入与未被录用、模型识别所需条件，以及群体差异的需求与岗位供给分解如何得到。
- 阅读边界
- 摘要未说明具体概率模型、识别限制和估计不确定性；所述群体差异分解依赖作者模型，不能仅凭摘要视为已验证的因果结论。
原文摘要
A model of the determination of the union status of workers is developed that incorporates the separate decisions of workers and potential union employers in a framework which recognizes the possibility of an excess supply of workers for existing union jobs.This theoretical framework results in an empirical problem of partial observability because information on union status is not sufficient to determine whether nonunion workers are nonunion because they do not desire union representation or because they were not hired by union employers despite a preference for union representation.The problem is solved by using data from the Quality of Employment Survey that have a unique piece of information on worker preferences which allows identification and estimation of the model.The empirical results yield some interesting insights into the process of union status determination that cannot be gained from a simple logit or probit analysis of unionization. Chief among these relate to the unioniza-tion of nonwhites and southerners.The well-known fact that nonwhites are more likely to be unionized than otherwise equivalent whites is found largelyto be due to a greater demand for union representation on the part of non-white workers. The equally well-known lower propensity to be unionized among southern workers is found to be due to a combination of a lower demand for union representation on the part of southern workers and a supply of union jobs which is more constrained relative to demand than in the North.