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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要研究友谊网络与社会互动,以工具变量识别效应,并用结构网络形成模型模拟移除政策。

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关注这篇论文的作者
Lung-Fei Lee
Xiaodong Liu
Yves Zenou

谁是关键参与者?青少年违法行为的网络分析

研究问题
允许移除成员后友谊网络重新形成时,如何识别使均衡违法活动总量下降最多的关键参与者,并处理网络内生性?
方法与思路
作者用工具变量估计社会互动效应,再扩展网络形成模型以容纳未观测个体异质性,模拟成员移除后的网络演化。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称关键参与者未必是违法最活跃或传统中心性最高者,模型中的针对性移除政策比移除最活跃者带来更大违法减少。
阅读关注点
应核对工具变量的相关性与排除限制、网络形成模型的识别、移除后的重连机制,以及均衡反事实与估计不确定性。
阅读边界
摘要未给出工具变量、政策减少幅度或完整模型条件;移除政策的比较来自模型反事实,不能当作实际干预的直接验证。

原文摘要

This article presents a methodology for empirically identifying the key player, whose removal from the network leads to the optimal change in aggregate activity level in equilibrium [Ballester, C., Calvó-Armengol, A., and Zenou, Y. (2006), “Who’s Who in Networks. Wanted: The Key Player,” Econometrica, 74: 1403–1417], allowing the network links to rewire after the removal of the key player. First, we propose an IV-based estimation strategy for the social-interaction effect, which is needed to determine the equilibrium activity level of a network, taking into account the potential network endogeneity. Next, to simulate the network evolution process after the removal of the key player, we adopt the general network formation model in Mele [(2017), “A Structural Model of Dense Network Formation,” Econometrica, 85: 825–850] and extend it to incorporate the unobserved individual heterogeneity in link formation decisions. We illustrate the methodology by providing the key player rankings in juvenile delinquency using information on friendship networks among U.S. teenagers. We find that the key player is not necessarily the most active delinquent or the delinquent who ranks the highest in standard (not microfounded) centrality measures. We also find that, compared to a policy that removes the most active delinquent from the network, a key-player-targeted policy leads to a much higher delinquency reduction.

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