Sequential tests and estimators after overrunning based on maximum-likelihood ordering
基于最大似然排序的停止后追加数据序贯检验与估计AI 解读 ↓
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基于最大似然排序的停止后追加数据序贯检验与估计AI 解读 ↓
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SUMMARY Often in sequential trials some additional data become available after a stopping boundary has been reached. A method for incorporating such information from overrunning is developed, based on a maximum-likelihood ordering of the sample space after overrunning. This yields a p-value for the primary test and a median-unbiased estimator and confidence intervals for the parameter under test. The context is that of observing a Brownian motion with drift, with either linear stopping boundaries in continuous time or discrete-time group-sequential boundaries. The methods apply to many clinical trials and are exemplified with data from a survival-analysis-based sequential clinical trial.
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理性疏忽—加性随机效用模型的估计
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面板信息矩阵检验
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在线实验的设计驱动推断:证据收集、检验与估计的联合最优性
Online multifactorial experiments requires early stopping for practically negligible effects while controlling false stopping under continuous monitoring and retaining precise treatment-effect estimation. We develop a design-driven framework that chooses allocation and the evidence rule jointly, treating allocation as evidence collection and testing and estimation as complementary uses of the same evidence. For multifactor experiments with nuisance block effects and…