Analysis of Survival Data from a Randomized Trial with All-or-None Compliance: Estimating the Cost-Effectiveness of a Cancer Screening Program
完全接受或完全拒绝依从下的随机试验生存分析:癌症筛查成本效果估计AI 解读 ↓
本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。
DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要;缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。
引用量采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录,不合计多个记录;关联记录可能包含正式发表版本,不等于此版本单独引用。缺失不视为零,引用指标不代表论文质量。
关注作者按书目中的完整姓名匹配,同名和姓名变体需人工辨别。相关论文先按共享细分方向和具体方法排列,再参考通用方法与发表日期。
AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要直接讨论随机试验中的不依从、意向治疗分析与干预效果调整,符合因果推断方向的文本依据。
反馈分类问题完全接受或完全拒绝依从下的随机试验生存分析:癌症筛查成本效果估计AI 解读 ↓
正在核对关联版本…
正在核对对应版本的资源…
Many randomized cancer screening trials involve all-or-none compliance. Some subjects randomized to an offer of screening refuse screening, and some subjects randomized to no offer of screening obtain screening outside the trial. The primary analysis to test whether or not cancer screening reduces cancer mortality is by intent-to-treat. To estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening, it is necessary to adjust for all-or-none compliance. Heretofore, adjustments for all-or-none compliance have been limited to a fixed-time endpoint. Estimating cost-effectiveness as dollars per life year saved requires an extension to the analysis of yearly survival data. In general, this involves modeling both the hazard for death from cancer and death from competing risk. Unconstrained estimates and variances can be written in closed-form notation. For the four yearly breast cancer screens with physical examination and mammography in the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York study, the estimated cost-effectiveness for a $100 mammogram and $900 biopsy is $16,000 per life year saved with 95% confidence interval ($10,000, $45,000). In contrast, under an inappropriate intent-to-treat analysis, the estimated cost-effectiveness is $23,000 with 95% confidence interval ($14,000, $66,000).