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分类依据与纠错

AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要直接研究 A/B 实验的总体处理效应及市场参与者之间的干扰偏差。

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代码、数据与补充材料

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关注这篇论文的作者
Ramesh Johari
Orrie B. Page

价格实验与干扰

研究问题
市场参与者之间的干扰如何使连续价格 A/B 实验对总体需求和利润变化产生偏差,甚至给出方向错误的利润效果估计?
方法与思路
作者利用结构模型和微分分析刻画偏差,研究收益管理与双边市场,并提出等分处理和对照单位的去偏方法及经验校准。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,常规利润变化估计量的期望可能符号错误;作者提出去偏技术,并用公开 Airbnb 估计校准模型说明问题的可能范围。
阅读关注点
应核对总体处理效应的定义、干扰机制和去偏公式,以及等比例分组之外的模型条件、可观测量要求与校准敏感性。
阅读边界
所据为 arXiv 预印本,不能据此认定已同行评审或获期刊接收;摘要无法确定去偏所需全部条件,校准也不等同于实地验证。

原文摘要

In this paper, we examine the biases that arise when firms run A/B tests on continuous parameters to estimate global treatment effects on performance metrics of interest; we particularly focus on price experiments to measure the price impact on quantity demanded, and on profit. In canonical A/B experimental estimators, biases emerge due to interference between market participants. We employ structural modeling and differential calculus to derive intuitive characterizations of these biases. We then specialize our general model to the standard revenue-management pricing problem. This setting highlights a fundamental risk innate to A/B pricing experiments: that the canonical estimator for the expected change in profits, counterintuitively, can have the wrong sign in expectation. In other words, following the guidance of canonical estimators may lead firms to move prices (or fees) in the wrong direction, inadvertently decreasing profits. We introduce a novel debiasing technique for these canonical experiments, requiring only that firms equally split units between treatment and control. We apply these results to a two-sided market model, and demonstrate how the "change of sign" regime depends on market factors such as the supply/demand imbalance, and the price markup. We conclude by calibrating our revenue-management pricing model to published empirical estimates from Airbnb marketplaces, demonstrating that estimators with the wrong sign are not a knife-edge issue, and that they may be prevalent enough to be of concern to practitioners.

笔记与分组