Confidence Sets for Causal Orderings
因果排序的置信集合AI 解读 ↓
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因果排序的置信集合AI 解读 ↓
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Causal discovery procedures aim to deduce causal relationships among variables in a multivariate dataset. While various methods have been proposed for estimating a single causal model or a single equivalence class of models, less attention has been given to quantifying uncertainty in causal discovery in terms of confidence statements. A primary challenge in causal discovery of directed acyclic graphs is determining a causal ordering among the variables, and our work offers a framework for constructing confidence sets of causal orderings that the data do not rule out. Our methodology specifically applies to identifiable structural equation models with additive errors and is based on a residual bootstrap procedure to test the goodness-of-fit of causal orderings. We demonstrate the asymptotic validity of the confidence set constructed using this goodness-of-fit test and explain how the confidence set may be used to form sub/supersets of ancestral relationships as well as confidence intervals for causal effects that incorporate model uncertainty.
Motivation: Mediation analysis is an important tool for elucidating causal mechanisms in biomedical research and has recently gained increasing attention in microbiome studies. Motivated by a microbiome study of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, we investigate whether the effect of induction chemotherapy intensity on infection status is mediated through gut microbial taxa. This problem poses substantial methodological challenges due to the high dimensionality, zero…
Two frequent approaches for identifying structural VARs are external instruments, which carry economic content but are often weak, and non-Gaussianity of the shocks, which provides statistical identification but carries no economic meaning. We combine the two strategies in a single generalized method of moments framework. This hybrid approach point-identifies the target shocks while also identifying the non-target shocks up to sign and ordering. Under suitable rank…
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Data-driven subgroup identification is increasingly used in clinical trials, yet the effect reported for a discovered subgroup is typically the standard analysis: a Cox or generalized-linear-model treatment coefficient fitted within that subgroup. Selection by an effect-driven rule --- rewarding large estimated effects subject to screening and size criteria --- inflates the reported coefficient: a winner's curse invalidating naive intervals whether or not the identifier's…
多控制变量下工资不平等界的去偏推断
We study estimation and inference for a partially identified parameter whose identified set depends on a first-stage nuisance parameter that must itself be estimated. Combining the criterion-function approach with the theory of Neyman-orthogonal moments that underlies double/debiased machine learning, we propose a two-step procedure: the point-identified nuisance is estimated by flexible machine-learning methods, and the set-identified target is recovered as a level set of a…
双重差分与合成控制的结合:双重稳健识别和估计
Difference-in-Differences (DiD) and Synthetic Control (SC) are widely used methods for causal inference in panel data, each with distinct strengths and limitations. We propose a novel method for short-panel causal inference that integrates the advantages of both approaches. Our method delivers a doubly robust identification strategy for the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) under either of two non-nested assumptions: parallel trends or a group-level SC condition.…