Estimating Policy Effects in a Social Network with Independent Set Sampling
利用独立集抽样估计社会网络中的政策效应AI 解读 ↓
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利用独立集抽样估计社会网络中的政策效应AI 解读 ↓
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Evaluating the impact of policy interventions on respondents who are embedded in a social network is often challenging due to the presence of network interference within the treatment groups, as well as between treatment and non-treatment groups throughout the network. In this paper, we propose a novel empirical strategy that combines network sampling based on the identification of independent sets with a stochastic actor-oriented model (SAOM) to infer the direct and net effects of a policy. By assigning respondents from an independent set to the treatment, we are able to block direct spillover of the treatment among the treated respondents for an extended period of time, during which the direct effect of the treatment can be isolated from the associated network interference. We empirically demonstrate this using a simulation-based evaluation of a fictitious policy implementation using both real-life and generated networks, and use a counterfactual approach to estimate the treatment effect of the policy. Our results highlight the effectiveness of our proposed empirical strategy, and notably, the role of network sampling techniques in influencing the evaluation of policy effects. The findings from this study have the potential to help researchers and policymakers with planning, designing, and anticipating policy responses in a networked society.
社会网络数据中处理效应的识别与估计:当社会连接存在混杂时
In observational network data, the adoption of a treatment and the formation of social ties often depend on the same characteristics that affect outcomes. We propose a generalized propensity score for each unit's effective treatment, built from a model for treatment assignment and a dyadic model for network formation, which may include latent node heterogeneity. The score is marginalized over the network given covariates rather than conditioned on the realized network, and…
Comparing dependence structures between two related multivariate time series is of fundamental interest in many scientific applications, where changes may occur in both directed temporal interactions and contemporaneous connectivity. Modeling each time series by a vector autoregressive (VAR) model, we propose a new framework for estimation and inference of differential Granger causality (DiffGC) and differential network (DiffNet) structures in high dimensions. The proposed…
存在干扰时合成控制的稳健回归方法
Synthetic control methods are widely used for policy evaluation, but most existing approaches rule out interference among units, compromising validity when such effects are present. We develop a framework that accommodates contaminated donor pools and unknown interference patterns through two stages: factor-model adjustment for unobserved confounding, followed by robust regression in which direct and interference effects appear as a sparse outlier component. We study two…
整群随机试验中依从效应与网络因果效应的识别和有效估计
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空间混杂与干扰下直接因果效应估计的统一框架及 R 包 spaci
Estimating causal effects is challenging with observational data due to the lack of exchangeability, and is further complicated with spatial data. In real-life applications such as agricultural and environmental studies, unobserved spatial factors (spatial confounding, SC) and interactions of units in nearby locations (spatial interference, SI) commonly occur jointly, yet existing parametric methods address them separately. We develop a unified framework that treats both…
基于大语言模型文本测量的再犯预测、同伴效应估计与预测辅助推断
We provide a new framework for estimating peer effects when outcomes are multivariate behavioral measures derived from written text using an LLM and the network formation is endogenous. We obtain LLM embeddings and zero shot classification of more than 200,000 written exchanges among residents of low-security correctional facilities. We find that LLM embeddings improve out-of-sample recidivism prediction by up to 30% over pre-entry covariates alone using LASSO and LoRA…