Do forecasts of bankruptcy cause bankruptcy? A machine learning sensitivity analysis
破产预测会导致破产吗?机器学习敏感性分析AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确以敏感性分析研究破产预测对破产的因果效应,而非收益预测或系统性风险。
破产预测会导致破产吗?机器学习敏感性分析AI 解读 ↓
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It is widely speculated that auditors' public forecasts of bankruptcy are, at least in part, self-fulfilling prophecies in the sense that they might actually cause bankruptcies that would not have otherwise occurred. This conjecture is hard to prove, however, because the strong association between bankruptcies and bankruptcy forecasts could simply indicate that auditors are skillful forecasters with unique access to highly predictive covariates. In this paper, we investigate the causal effect of bankruptcy forecasts on bankruptcy using nonparametric sensitivity analysis. We contrast our analysis with two alternative approaches: a linear bivariate probit model with an endogenous regressor, and a recently developed bound on risk ratios called E-values. Additionally, our machine learning approach incorporates a monotonicity constraint corresponding to the assumption that bankruptcy forecasts do not make bankruptcies less likely. Finally, a tree-based posterior summary of the treatment effect estimates allows us to explore which observable firm characteristics moderate the inducement effect.