The P-P Plot as a Method for Comparing Treatment Effects
使用 P-P 图比较处理效应AI 解读 ↓
本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。
DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要;缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。
引用量采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录,不合计多个记录;关联记录可能包含正式发表版本,不等于此版本单独引用。缺失不视为零,引用指标不代表论文质量。
关注作者按书目中的完整姓名匹配,同名和姓名变体需人工辨别。相关论文先按共享细分方向和具体方法排列,再参考通用方法与发表日期。
AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确通过概率与分位数图比较处理后的分布,并研究尺度不变的分布效应描述,直接对应分布效应方法。
使用 P-P 图比较处理效应AI 解读 ↓
正在核对关联版本…
正在核对对应版本的资源…
This article examines the use of the probability-probability plot (p-p plot) as a method for comparing treatment effects. To begin in the context of three examples the p-p plot is contrasted with the quantile-quantile plot (q-q plot), which is an alternative means of describing treatment effects. In these examples it is shown that p-p plots representing different experimental conditions or patient populations allow scale-invariant comparisons of treatment effects but q-q plots do not; that the presentation of the treatment effect by the p-p plot is not obscured by outliers, whereas it may be in the q-q plot; and that the p-p plot encompasses information in the control distributions that is important for the assessment of treatment effects but that is not incorporated in the q-q plot. Theoretical considerations are presented that show that under appropriate assumptions, the p-p plot is a maximal invariant and contains all the information necessary to make scale-invariant comparisons of treatment effects. Further, statistical methods for assessing patterns observed in the p-p plots are presented and illustrated in two examples.