Efficient estimation of approximate factor models via penalized maximum likelihood
通过惩罚最大似然高效估计近似因子模型AI 解读 ↓
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通过惩罚最大似然高效估计近似因子模型AI 解读 ↓
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We study an approximate factor model in the presence of both cross sectional dependence and heteroskedasticity. For efficient estimations it is essential to estimate a large error covariance matrix. We estimate the common factors and factor loadings based on maximizing a Gaussian quasi-likelihood, through penalizing a large covariance sparse matrix. The weighted ℓ1 penalization is employed. While the principal components (PC) based methods estimate the covariance matrices and individual factors and loadings separately, they require consistent estimation of residual terms. In contrast, the penalized maximum likelihood method (PML) estimates the factor loading parameters and the error covariance matrix jointly. In the numerical studies, we compare PML with the regular PC method, the generalized PC method (Choi 2012) combined with the thresholded covariance matrix estimator (Fan et al. 2013), as well as several related methods, on their estimation and forecast performances. Our numerical studies show that the proposed method performs well in the presence of cross-sectional dependence and heteroskedasticity.
sparseDFM:估计稀疏载荷动态因子模型的 R 包
sparseDFM is an R package for the implementation of popular estimation methods for dynamic factor models (DFMs) including the novel Sparse DFM approach of Mosley et al. (2023). The Sparse DFM ameliorates interpretability issues of factor structure in classic DFMs by constraining the loading matrices to have few non-zero entries (i.e. are sparse). Mosley et al. (2023) construct an efficient expectation maximisation (EM) algorithm to enable estimation of model parameters using…
稀疏动态因子模型:正则化准最大似然方法
The concepts of sparsity, and regularised estimation, have proven useful in many high-dimensional statistical applications. Dynamic factor models (DFMs) provide a parsimonious approach to modelling high-dimensional time series, however, it is often hard to interpret the meaning of the latent factors. This paper formally introduces a class of sparse DFMs whereby the loading matrices are constrained to have few non-zero entries, thus increasing interpretability of factors. We…
拟最大似然断点估计的锐信噪比阈值
We establish a sharp pathwise signal-to-noise criterion for quasi-maximum-likelihood (QML) estimation of a dominant breakpoint in the second-moment structure of a multivariate time series: the QML estimator is consistent whenever the between-regime contrast exceeds the within-regime fluctuation by an explicit factor, and below this threshold global recovery can fail. Two innovations drive the result. First, the framework is pathwise: no stochastic model is imposed on the…
高维矩阵时间序列的马尔可夫转换动态矩阵因子模型
In this study, we propose a novel model called the Markov-switching dynamic matrix factor (Ms-DMF) model, which serves the dual purpose of structural interpretation and prediction for high-dimensional matrix time series. When estimating the parameters of the Ms-DMF model, an EM (expectation maximization) algorithm was used to get a quasi-maximum likelihood estimation, where all the parameters are estimated jointly. A filtering and smoothing algorithm is used to compute the…
因子增强框架下的二元响应预测
In this paper, we propose a novel factor-augmented forecasting regression model with a binary response variable. We develop a maximum likelihood estimation method for the regression parameters and establish the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the proposed estimation method performs very well in finite samples. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed model through an application to U.S. recession…
高维广义因子模型的极大似然估计与推断:因子扩展回归应用
This paper reestablishes the main results in Bai (2003) and Bai and Ng (2006) for generalized factor models, with slightly stronger conditions on the relative magnitude of N (number of subjects) and T (number of time periods). Convergence rates of the estimated factor space and loading space and asymptotic normality of the estimated factors and loadings are established under mild conditions that allow for linear, Logit, Probit, Tobit, Poisson and some other single-index…