Modelling spatial heterogeneity in the effects of area-level covariates on income distributions using Bayesian nonparametric methods
用贝叶斯非参数方法建模区域协变量与收入分布关系的空间异质性AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要直接建模地区收入密度及协变量关联的空间异质性,支持分布分析;潜在密度因子并不直接对应宏观或金融因子模型。
用贝叶斯非参数方法建模区域协变量与收入分布关系的空间异质性AI 解读 ↓
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Understanding the how the distribution of an economic outcome, such as income, changes with respect to space and covariates is a key concern for policy makers. To address this, we develop a Bayesian nonparametric model, the Normalised Latent Measure Factor Model with Covariates (NLMFM-C), which expresses a large collection of related densities as mixtures of latent factor densities and allows for spatial and covariate effects. We propose an adaptive Gibbs sampler to automatically infer the number of latent factor distributions, and a rotation method to make posterior inference on different data sets comparable. We apply the NLMFM-C model to Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) data, focusing on income distributions for sub-areas of four U.S. states over to different years, 2016 and 2020. We show that the latent factor distributions can be interpreted by income level (e.g., low, medium, and high) and investigate the spatially- and time-changing impact of three covariates: gender, race and educational attainment.