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关注这篇论文的作者
Deep Mukhopadhyay

溯因推理与皮尔士:一百五十年之后

研究问题
作为形成解释性假说的过程,溯因推理如何转化为经验研究者能够系统操作的统计程序,而不仅停留在方法论倡议?
方法与思路
作者提出称为溯因推理机器的 AIM 框架,介绍新的原则与具体程序,并用皮尔士听觉刺激反应时间实验数据展示其操作。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,AIM 尝试填补溯因推理缺少可操作工具的空缺,并展示经验分析者如何以系统化、自动化方式形成解释性假说。
阅读关注点
应核对假说生成、筛选与评价的具体步骤,查看自动化如何实现,以及同一数据用于发现和评价时如何处理统计不确定性。
阅读边界
依据的是 arXiv 预印本摘要,不能确认同行评审或期刊接收;摘要未说明 AIM 的形式化保证,历史数据展示不足以确立一般有效性。

原文摘要

This paper is about two things: (i) Charles Sanders Peirce (1837-1914) -- an iconoclastic philosopher and polymath who is among the greatest of American minds. (ii) Abductive inference -- a term coined by C. S. Peirce, which he defined as "the process of forming explanatory hypotheses. It is the only logical operation which introduces any new idea." Abductive inference and quantitative economics: Abductive inference plays a fundamental role in empirical scientific research as a tool for discovery and data analysis. Heckman and Singer (2017) strongly advocated "Economists should abduct." Arnold Zellner (2007) stressed that "much greater emphasis on reductive [abductive] inference in teaching econometrics, statistics, and economics would be desirable." But currently, there are no established theory or practical tools that can allow an empirical analyst to abduct. This paper attempts to fill this gap by introducing new principles and concrete procedures to the Economics and Statistics community. I termed the proposed approach as Abductive Inference Machine (AIM). The historical Peirce's experiment: In 1872, Peirce conducted a series of experiments to determine the distribution of response times to an auditory stimulus, which is widely regarded as one of the most significant statistical investigations in the history of nineteenth-century American mathematical research (Stigler, 1978). On the 150th anniversary of this historical experiment, we look back at the Peircean-style abductive inference through a modern statistical lens. Using Peirce's data, it is shown how empirical analysts can abduct in a systematic and automated manner using AIM.

笔记与分组
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