Miscellanea. Small-sample degrees of freedom with multiple imputation
多重插补中的小样本自由度调整AI 解读 ↓
本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。
DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要;缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。
引用量采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录,不合计多个记录;关联记录可能包含正式发表版本,不等于此版本单独引用。缺失不视为零,引用指标不代表论文质量。
关注作者按书目中的完整姓名匹配,同名和姓名变体需人工辨别。相关论文先按共享细分方向和具体方法排列,再参考通用方法与发表日期。
AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要讨论通用缺失数据与多重插补推断,没有足够证据对应所列具体领域。
多重插补中的小样本自由度调整AI 解读 ↓
正在核对关联版本…
正在核对对应版本的资源…
An appealing feature of multiple imputation is the simplicity of the rules for combining the multiple complete-data inferences into a final inference, the repeated-imputation inference (Rubin, 1987). This inference is based on a t distribution and is derived from a Bayesian paradigm under the assumption that the complete-data degrees of freedom, νcom, are infinite, but the number of imputations, m, is finite. When νcom is small and there is only a modest proportion of missing data, the calculated repeated-imputation degrees of freedom, νm, for the t reference distribution can be much larger than νcom, which is clearly inappropriate. Following the Bayesian paradigm, we derive an adjusted degrees of freedom, ν̃m, with the following three properties: for fixed m and estimated fraction of missing information, ν̃m monotonically increases in νcom; ν̃m is always less than or equal to νcom; and ν̃m equals νm when νcom is infinite. A small simulation study demonstrates the superior frequentist performance when using ν̃m rather than νm.