Approximation of Least Squares Regression on Nested Subspaces
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For a regression model $y_i = \theta(x_i) + \varepsilon_i$, the unknown function $\theta$ is estimated by least squares on a subspace $\Lambda_m = \operatorname{span}\{\psi_1, \psi, \cdots, \psi_m\}$, where the basis functions $\psi_i$ are predetermined and $m$ is varied. Assuming that the design is suitably approximated by an asymptotic design measure, a general method is presented for approximating the bias and variance in a scale of Hilbertian norms natural to the problem. The general theory is illustrated with two examples: truncated Fourier series regression and polynomial regression. For these examples, we give rates of convergence of derivative estimates in (weighted) $L_2$ norms and establish consistency in supremum norm.
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Normality pre-tests on reduced-form innovations cannot detect whether two or more underlying structural shocks are Gaussian, and hence cannot detect a failure of identification in non-Gaussian SVARs. We propose a bootstrap-based approach that reveals such a failure. Under the null of valid identification and certain regularity conditions, the conditional bootstrap distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator of the impact matrix is asymptotically normal, so the…
结合 model-X knockoffs 与 p 值的高维线性模型 FDR 控制
We propose a novel multiple testing methodology for controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) in high-dimensional linear models that integrates model-X knockoff techniques with debiased penalized regression estimators. At the foundation of our methodology, we construct and study two sets of naturally paired high-dimensional test statistics and the associated $p$-values for evaluating the same null hypotheses. The first set is shown to be asymptotically mutually independent,…
Principal stratification (PS) is a commonly used approach for understanding the mechanisms through which a treatment affects an outcome. The goal of this work is to extend the PS framework to studies with continuous treatments, which introduces a number of both challenges and opportunities in terms of defining causal effects and performing inference. This manuscript provides multiple key methodological contributions: 1) we introduce principal causal estimands for continuous…