The Effect of Sample Selection and Initial Conditions in Duration Models: Evidence from Experimental Data on Training
持续期模型中的样本选择与初始条件:来自培训实验的证据AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要讨论随机培训实验的就业效果,并提出处理持续期样本选择的估计量,直接属于因果效应识别与估计。
反馈分类问题持续期模型中的样本选择与初始条件:来自培训实验的证据AI 解读 ↓
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The authors investigate the separate effects of a training program on the duration of participants' subsequent employment and unemployment spells. This program randomly assigned volunteers to treatment and control groups. However, the treatments and controls experiencing subsequent employment and unemployment spells are not generally comparable subsets of the initial groups. Standard practice in duration models ignores this issue, leading to a sample selection problem and misleading estimates of the training effects. The authors propose an estimator that addresses this problem and find that the program studied, the National Supported Work Demonstration, raised trainees' employment rates solely by lengthening their employment durations. Copyright 1996 by The Econometric Society.
Background: Generalized Odds (Gen Odds) provide summaries for ordinal outcomes without requiring the proportional odds assumption. However, conventional Gen Odds compares independently drawn treatment and control outcomes and targets a population-level contrast rather than an individual-level contrast. We developed an individual-level causal formulation of Gen Odds and examined its identification. Methods: We defined the Causal Gen Odds using the joint distribution of…
We develop a semiparametric continuous time inferential framework for testing cumulative treatment effects, including both immediate and carryover effects. The latent state process is modeled by an ordinary differential equation (ODE) whose drift depends on state and treatment, while the observed data are noisy measurements of this latent state at irregular, multi resolution time points. We define the average treatment effect (ATE) as the difference of expected cumulative…
当处理发生溢出:时空因果效应估计的神经网络框架
Real-world public health policies are often enacted by local jurisdictions, but their effects can ripple through connected populations. For causal evaluation, this creates a difficult spatiotemporal problem: intermittent policy updates create path-level treatments, and because spillover depends on neighboring treatment paths along with the focal-unit's own history, controlling time-varying confounding requires high-dimensional, multimodal information from both sources. To…
时空干扰下用于实验的聚类切换设计
We consider experimentation in the presence of non-stationarity, inter-unit (spatial) interference, and carry-over effects (temporal interference), where we wish to estimate the global average treatment effect (GATE), the difference between average outcomes having exposed all units at all times to treatment or to control. We suppose spatial interference is described by a graph, where a unit's outcome depends on its neighborhood's treatments, and that temporal interference is…
We study inference for continuous linear functionals of solutions to ill-posed inverse problems, including Euclidean parameters arising in nonparametric instrumental variables, proximal causal inference, and shadow-variable models. Although pointwise root-$n$ inference is possible under standard conditions, we show that this need not translate into locally reliable inference. Under a model imposing only minimal regularity conditions, the target is Hellinger discontinuous…
Motivation: Mediation analysis is an important tool for elucidating causal mechanisms in biomedical research and has recently gained increasing attention in microbiome studies. Motivated by a microbiome study of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, we investigate whether the effect of induction chemotherapy intensity on infection status is mediated through gut microbial taxa. This problem poses substantial methodological challenges due to the high dimensionality, zero…