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存在结构突变的异质面板估计AI 解读

This paper extends Pesaran’s (2006) work on common correlated effects (CCE) estimators for large heterogeneous panels with a general multifactor error structure by allowing for unknown common structural breaks. Structural breaks due to new policy implementation or major technological shocks, are more likely to occur over a longer time span. Consequently, ignoring structural breaks may lead to inconsistent estimation and invalid inference. We propose a general framework that…

非参数与半参数分位数模型推断的直接方法AI 解读

We construct a generic confidence interval for a conditional quantile via the direct approach. It avoids estimating the conditional density function of the dependent variable given the covariate and is asymptotically valid for any conditional quantile, any conditional quantile estimator, and any data structure, provided that certain weak convergence of the conditional quantile process holds for the original quantile estimator. We also construct a generic confidence band for…

方程两侧均存在测量误差的非参数模型AI 解读

Measurement errors are often correlated, as in surveys where respondent’s biases or tendencies to err affect multiple reported variables. We extend Schennach (2007) to identify moments of the conditional distribution of a true Y given a true X when both are measured with error, the measurement errors in Y and X are correlated, and the true unknown model of Y given X has nonseparable model errors. After showing nonparametric identification, we provide a sieve generalized…

用分位数检验多元经济限制：斯勒茨基矩阵负半定性AI 解读

This paper is concerned with testing a core economic restriction, negative semidefiniteness of the Slutsky matrix. We consider a system of nonseparable structural equations with infinite dimensional unobservables, and employ quantile regression methods because they allow us to utilize the entire distribution of the data. Difficulties arise because the restriction involves several equations, while the quantile is a univariate concept. We establish that we may use quantiles of…

纵向数据充分降维的估计方程方法AI 解读

Sufficient dimension reduction has been extensively explored in the context of independent and identically distributed data. In this article we generalize sufficient dimension reduction to longitudinal data and propose an estimating equation approach to estimating the central mean subspace. The proposed method accounts for the covariance structure within each subject and improves estimation efficiency when the covariance structure is correctly specified. Even if the…

随机机制交互作用AI 解读

We define mechanistic interaction between the effects of two variables on an outcome in terms of departure of these effects from a generalized noisy-OR model in a stratum of the population. We develop a fully probabilistic framework for the observational identification of this type of interaction via excess risk or superadditivity, one novel feature of which is its applicability when the interacting variables have been generated by arbitrarily dichotomizing continuous…

基于误差分布估计的参数混合效应模型拟合优度检验AI 解读

We address the problem of testing for a parametric function of fixed effects in mixed models. We propose a test based on the distance between two empirical error distribution functions, which are constructed from residuals calculated under the opposing hypotheses. The proposed test statistic has power against all alternatives, and its asymptotic distribution is derived. A simulation study shows that the test outperforms others in the literature. The test is applied to…

识别消费变动的独立来源AI 解读

Summary By representing a system of budget shares as an approximate factor model we determine its rank, i.e. the number of common functional forms or factors, and we estimate a base of the factor space by means of approximate principal components. We assume that the extracted factors span the same space of basic Engel curves representing the fundamental forces driving consumers' behaviour. We identify these curves by imposing statistical independence and by studying their…

用于工具变量选择的Lasso：一项复现研究AI 解读

Summary Recently, Lasso methods have been applied to economic questions. In a seminal paper, Belloni et al . ( Econometrica ; 80 (6): 2369–2429) make use of (post‐)Lasso for instrumental variable selection in a setting where the number of instruments p is large or might even exceed the number of observations n —a situation which is prevalent in many current applications. We replicate their simulation study with the statistical package R (R Development Core Team ( )) and,…

J检验向空间面板数据框架的扩展AI 解读

Summary Kelejian ( Letters in Spatial and Resources Sciences ; 1 : 3–11) extended the J ‐test procedure to a spatial framework. Although his suggested test was computationally simple and intuitive, it did not use the available information in an efficient manner. Kelejian and Piras ( Regional Science and Urban Economics ; 41 : 281–292) generalized and modified Kelejian's test to account for all the available information. However, neither Kelejian ( ) nor Kelejian & Piras ( )…

内生友谊形成与选择偏差下的社会互动模型AI 解读

Summary This paper analyzes the endogeneity bias problem caused by associations of members within a network when the spatial autoregressive (SAR) model is used to study social interactions. When there are unobserved factors that affect both friendship decisions and economic outcomes, the spatial weight matrix (sociomatrix; adjacency matrix) in the SAR model, which represents the structure of a friendship network, might correlate with the disturbance term of the model, and…

有界回归变量博弈模型的经验内容AI 解读

This paper develops a strategy for identification and estimation of complete information games that does not require a regressor that has large support or a parametric specification for the distribution of the unobservables. The identification result uses a nonstandard but plausible condition on the unobservables: the assumption that the joint density of the unobservables of all agents is unimodal in the sense of achieving the global maximum at a unique point. Also, a…

动态离散选择模型中的对偶性AI 解读

Using results from Convex Analysis, we investigate a novel approach to identification and estimation of discrete-choice models that we call the mass transport approach. We show that the conditional choice probabilities and the choice-specific payoffs in these models are related in the sense of conjugate duality, and that the identification problem is a mass transport problem. Based on this, we propose a new two-step estimator for these models; interestingly, the first step…

通过低秩近似优化网络社区检测AI 解读

Community detection is one of the fundamental problems of network analysis, for which a number of methods have been proposed. Most model-based or criteria-based methods have to solve an optimization problem over a discrete set of labels to find communities, which is computationally infeasible. Some fast spectral algorithms have been proposed for specific methods or models, but only on a case-by-case basis. Here, we propose a general approach for maximizing a function of a…

随机区块模型的拟合优度检验AI 解读

The stochastic block model is a popular tool for studying community structures in network data. We develop a goodness-of-fit test for the stochastic block model. The test statistic is based on the largest singular value of a residual matrix obtained by subtracting the estimated block mean effect from the adjacency matrix. Asymptotic null distribution is obtained using recent advances in random matrix theory. The test is proved to have full power against alternative models…

超高维部分线性可加分位数回归AI 解读

We consider a flexible semiparametric quantile regression model for analyzing high dimensional heterogeneous data. This model has several appealing features: (1) By considering different conditional quantiles, we may obtain a more complete picture of the conditional distribution of a response variable given high dimensional covariates. (2) The sparsity level is allowed to be different at different quantile levels. (3) The partially linear additive structure accommodates…

含噪度数的推断：差分隐私 β 模型与合成图AI 解读

The $\beta$-model of random graphs is an exponential family model with the degree sequence as a sufficient statistic. In this paper, we contribute three key results. First, we characterize conditions that lead to a quadratic time algorithm to check for the existence of MLE of the $\beta$-model, and show that the MLE never exists for the degree partition $\beta$-model. Second, motivated by privacy problems with network data, we derive a differentially private estimator of the…

双度序列维度增长的有向指数随机图模型渐近理论AI 解读

Although asymptotic analyses of undirected network models based on degree sequences have started to appear in recent literature, it remains an open problem to study statistical properties of directed network models. In this paper, we provide for the first time a rigorous analysis of directed exponential random graph models using the in-degrees and out-degrees as sufficient statistics with binary as well as continuous weighted edges. We establish the uniform consistency and…

资本存在测量误差时的控制函数生产函数估计AI 解读

We revisit the production function estimators of Olley and Pakes (1996) and Levinsohn and Petrin (2003). They use control functions to address the simultaneous determination of inputs and productivity. Both assume that input demand is a monotonic function of productivity holding capital constant and then invert this function to condition on productivity during estimation. If the observed capital variable is measured with error, input demand will not generally be monotonic in…

方向距离函数：最优内生方向AI 解读

A substantial literature has dealt with the problem of estimating multiple-input and multiple-output production functions, where inputs and outputs can be good and bad. Numerous studies can be found in the areas of productivity analysis, industrial organization, labor economics, and health economics. While many papers have estimated the more restrictive output- and input-oriented distance functions, here we estimate a more general directional distance function. A seminal…

含选择机制的内生网络生产函数AI 解读

We consider a production function that transforms inputs into outputs through peer effect networks. The distinguishing features of this model are that the network is formal and observable through worker scheduling, and selection into the network is done by a manager. We discuss identification and suggest several estimation techniques. We tackle endogeneity arising from selection into groups and exposure to common group factors by employing a polychotomous Heckman-type…

若干具有内生性的随机前沿模型AI 解读

We consider mostly Bayesian estimation of stochastic frontier models where one-sided inefficiencies and/or the idiosyncratic error term are correlated with the regressors. We begin with a model where a Chamberlain–Mundlak device is used to relate a transformation of time-invariant effects to the regressors. This basic model is then extended in two directions: first an extra one-sided error term is added to allow for time-varying efficiencies. Second, a model with an equation…

具有非对称效率溢出的面板空间自回归随机前沿模型AI 解读

By blending seminal literature on non-spatial stochastic frontier models with key contributions to spatial econometrics we develop a spatial autoregressive (SAR) stochastic frontier for panel data. The specification of the SAR frontier allows efficiency to vary over time and across the cross-sections. Efficiency is calculated from a composed error structure by assuming a half-normal distribution for inefficiency. The SAR frontier is estimated using maximum likelihood methods…

效率前沿的非参数工具变量估计AI 解读

The paper investigates endogeneity issues in nonparametric frontier models. It considers a nonseparable model for a cost function C=φ(Y,U) where C and Y are the cost and the output, U is uniform in [0,1] and φ is increasing with respect to U. The cost frontier corresponds to U=0 and U can be interpreted as a normalized level of inefficiency. The endogeneity issue arises when Y is dependent of U. For identification and estimation, we use a nonparametric instrumental variables…