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GARCH(p,q) 模型的序贯变点检测AI 解读

We suggest a sequential monitoring scheme to detect changes in the parameters of a GARCH(p,q) sequence. The procedure is based on quasi-likelihood scores and does not use model residuals. Unlike for linear regression models, the squared residuals of nonlinear time series models such as generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) do not satisfy a functional central limit theorem with a Wiener process as a limit, so its boundary crossing probabilities…

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协整关系的一致检验AI 解读

In this paper we investigate methods for testing the existence of a cointegration relationship among the components of a nonstationary fractionally integrated (NFI) vector time series. Our framework generalizes previous studies restricted to unit root integrated processes and permits simultaneous analysis of spurious and cointegrated NFI vectors. We propose a modified F-statistic, based on a particular studentization, which converges weakly under both hypotheses, despite the…

理解费雪方程AI 解读

Abstract It is argued that univariate long memory estimates based on ex post data tend to underestimate the persistence of ex ante variables (and, hence, that of the ex post variables themselves) because of the presence of unanticipated shocks whose short‐run volatility masks the degree of long‐range dependence in the data. Empirical estimates of long‐range dependence in the Fisher equation are shown to manifest this problem and lead to an apparent imbalance in the memory…

参数时间依赖的一般检验AI 解读

Abstract A new test for time‐dependent parameters is proposed. The Trig ‐test is based on a trigonometric expansion to approximate the unknown functional form of the variation in the parameters concerned. It is shown to have the correct empirical size and excellent power to detect structural breaks and stochastic parameter variation. The appropriate use of the Trig ‐test is demonstrated by testing for structural breaks in the US inflation rate. The test detects a…

联邦基金目标利率动态：非平稳离散选择方法AI 解读

Abstract We apply a discrete choice approach to model the empirical behaviour of the Federal Reserve in changing the federal funds target rate, the benchmark of short‐term market interest rates in the US. Our methods allow the explanatory variables to be nonstationary as well as stationary. This feature is particularly useful in the present application as many economic fundamentals that are monitored by the Fed and are believed to affect decisions to adjust interest rate…

隐马尔可夫模型中最优变点检测的渐近运行特性AI 解读

Let ξ0,ξ1,…,ξω−1 be observations from the hidden Markov model with probability distribution Pθ0, and let ξω,ξω+1,… be observations from the hidden Markov model with probability distribution Pθ1. The parameters θ0 and θ1 are given, while the change point ω is unknown. The problem is to raise an alarm as soon as possible after the distribution changes from Pθ0 to Pθ1, but to avoid false alarms. Specifically, we seek a stopping rule N which allows us to observe the ξ's…

马尔可夫状态切换自回归模型中极大似然估计的渐近性质AI 解读

An autoregressive process with Markov regime is an autoregressive process for which the regression function at each time point is given by a nonobservable Markov chain. In this paper we consider the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator in a possibly nonstationary process of this kind for which the hidden state space is compact but not necessarily finite. Consistency and asymptotic normality are shown to follow from uniform exponential forgetting of the…

随机间隔离散观测下扩散过程估计量的一般理论AI 解读

We provide a general method to analyze the asymptotic properties of a variety of estimators of continuous time diffusion processes when the data are not only discretely sampled in time but the time separating successive observations may possibly be random. We introduce a new operator, the generalized infinitesimal generator, to obtain Taylor expansions of the asymptotic moments of the estimators. As a special case, our results apply to the situation where the data are…

离散时间即期利率模型的样本外表现AI 解读

We provide a comprehensive analysis of the out-of-sample performance of a wide variety of spot rate models in forecasting the probability density of future interest rates. Although the most parsimonious models perform best in forecasting the conditional mean of many financial time series, we find that the spot rate models that incorporate conditional heteroscedasticity and excess kurtosis or heavy tails have better density forecasts. Generalized autoregressive conditional…

期限结构中的状态转换、风险溢价与商业周期AI 解读

Recent evidence indicates that using multiple forward rates sharply predicts future excess returns on U.S. Treasury bonds—the R 2 ’s being around 30%. The projection coefficients in these regressions exhibit a distinct pattern that relates to the maturity of the forward rate. These dimensions of the data in conjunction with the transition dynamics of bond yields offer a serious challenge to term structure models. In this paper we show that a regime-shifts term structure…

单位根与阈值设定的检验：购买力平价关系的应用AI 解读

We consider modeling the real exchange rate by a stationary three-regime self-exciting threshold autoregressive (SETAR) model with possibly a unit root in the middle regime. This representation is consistent with purchasing power parity in the presence of trading costs. Our main contribution is to provide statistical tools for testing unit root versus a SETAR. First, we show that a SETAR with a unit root in the middle regime is stationary and mixing under reasonable…

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伪回归中具有极限分布的 t 统计量AI 解读

This paper investigates the asymptotic properties of the t-statistic in spurious regressions when the bandwidth in the estimation of the heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) standard error is set proportional to the sample size. Using autocovariances of large lags, the so-defined HAC estimator is capable of capturing the high persistence of the regressor and regression residuals. It is shown that the resulting t-statistic converges to a nondegenerate…

扩展的常条件相关 GARCH 模型及其四阶矩结构AI 解读

The constant conditional correlation general autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model is among the most commonly applied multivariate GARCH models and serves as a benchmark against which other models can be compared. In this paper we consider an extension to this model and examine its fourth-moment structure. The extension, first defined by Jeantheau (1998, Econometric Theory 14, 70–86), is motivated by the result found and discussed in this paper that the…

带长期约束的脉冲响应函数的渐近分布AI 解读

This paper adopts a two-step technique to estimate structural vector error correction models and provides the asymptotic distribution of the impulse response functions of such a system. The method combines two popular tools in econometrics, namely, vector autoregressive cointegration analysis in the first step and structural vector autoregression analysis in the second. The proposed structural model structure is very general in the sense that all just-identifying or…

连续时间扩散模型中的自适应检验AI 解读

We propose an optimal test procedure for testing the marginal density functions of a class of nonlinear diffusion processes. The proposed test is not only an optimal one but also avoids undersmoothing. An adaptive test is constructed, and its asymptotic properties are investigated. To show the asymptotic properties, we establish some general results for moment inequalities and asymptotic distributions for strictly stationary processes under the α-mixing condition. These…

具有非平稳相关误差的多元回归模型AI 解读

We consider the estimation of parameters of a multiple regression model with nonstationary errors. We assume the nonstationary errors satisfy a time‐dependent autoregressive process and describe a method for estimating the parameters of the regressors and the time‐dependent autoregressive parameters. The parameters are rescaled as in nonparametric regression to obtain the asymptotic sampling properties of the estimators. The method is illustrated with an example taken from…

利用 Cholesky 分解进行多元谱分析AI 解读

We propose to smooth the Cholesky decomposition of a raw estimate of a multivariate spectrum, allowing different degrees of smoothness for different elements. The final spectral estimate is reconstructed from the smoothed Cholesky elements, and is consistent and positive definite. More importantly, the Cholesky decomposition matrix of the spectrum can be used as a transfer function in generating time series whose spectrum is identical to the given spectrum at the Fourier…

季节性持久过程周期图估计量的大样本性质AI 解读

Seasonally persistent models were first introduced by Anděl (1986) and Gray et al. (1989) to extend autoregressive moving‐average and fractionally differenced models and to encompass long‐memory quasi‐periodic behaviour. These models are, for certain ranges of parameters, stationary, and we prove here that the behaviour of the periodogram and other tapered estimators cannot be simply extended from the work of Künsch (1986) and Hurvich & Beltrao (1993) on long memory induced…

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利用 SLEX 模型判别与分类非平稳时间序列AI 解读

Statistical discrimination for nonstationary random processes is important in many applications. Our goal was to develop a discriminant scheme that can extract local features of the time series, is consistent, and is computationally efficient. Here, we propose a discriminant scheme based on the SLEX (smooth localized complex exponential) library. The SLEX library forms a collection of Fourier-type bases that are simultaneously orthogonal and localized in both time and…

单位根分位数自回归推断AI 解读

We study statistical inference in quantile autoregression models when the largest autoregressive coefficient may be unity. The limiting distribution of a quantile autoregression estimator and its t-statistic is derived. The asymptotic distribution is not the conventional Dickey–Fuller distribution, but rather a linear combination of the Dickey–Fuller distribution and the standard normal, with the weight determined by the correlation coefficient of related time series.…

欧洲 GDP 序列的收敛：多变量共同收敛趋势与周期分解AI 解读

Abstract Convergence in the gross domestic product series of five European countries is empirically identified using multivariate time series models that are based on unobserved components with dynamic converging properties. We define convergence in terms of a decrease in dispersion over time and model this decrease via mechanisms that allow for gradual reductions in the ranks of covariance matrices associated with the disturbance vectors driving the unobserved components of…