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一类集合识别 SVAR 的 Delta 方法推断AI 解读

We study vector autoregressions that impose equality and/or inequality restrictions to set-identify the dynamic responses to a single structural shock. We make three contributions. First, we present an algorithm to compute the largest and smallest value that an impulse-response coefficient can attain over its identified set. Second, we provide conditions under which these largest and smallest values are directionally differentiable functions of the model’s reduced-form…

持久性面板过程中的非参数异方差：收入动态应用AI 解读

This paper considers a dynamic panel model where a latent state variable follows a unit root process with nonparametric heteroskedasticity. We develop constructive nonparametric identification and estimation of the skedastic function. Applying this method to the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics (PSID) in the framework of earnings dynamics, we found that workers with lower pre-recession permanent earnings had higher earnings risk during the three most recent recessions.

舍入误差与随机市场微观结构噪声并存时的统一波动率估计AI 解读

Widely used volatility estimation methods mainly consider one of the following two simple microstructure noise models: random additive noise on log prices, or pure rounding errors. Apparently in real data these two types of noise co-exist. In this paper, we discover a common feature of these two types of noise and propose a unified volatility estimation approach in the presence of both rounding and random noise. Our data-driven method enjoys superior properties in terms of…

半参数季节单位根检验AI 解读

We extend the ${\cal M}$ class of unit root tests introduced by Stock (1999, Cointegration, Causality and Forecasting. A Festschrift in Honour of Clive W.J. Granger . Oxford University Press), Perron and Ng (1996, Review of Economic Studies 63, 435–463) and Ng and Perron (2001, Econometrica 69, 1519–1554) to the seasonal case, thereby developing semi-parametric alternatives to the regression-based augmented seasonal unit root tests of Hylleberg, Engle, Granger, and Yoo…

群体互动网络模型中的精确似然推断AI 解读

The paper studies spatial autoregressive models with group interaction structure, focussing on estimation and inference for the spatial autoregressive parameter λ . The quasi-maximum likelihood estimator for λ usually cannot be written in closed form, but using an exact result obtained earlier by the authors for its distribution function, we are able to provide a complete analysis of the properties of the estimator, and exact inference that can be based on it, in models that…

未知阶异方差 VAR 模型的协整秩确定AI 解读

We investigate the asymptotic and finite sample properties of a number of methods for estimating the cointegration rank in integrated vector autoregressive systems of unknown autoregressive order driven by heteroskedastic shocks. We allow for both conditional and unconditional heteroskedasticity of a very general form. We establish the conditions required on the penalty functions such that standard information criterion-based methods, such as the Bayesian information…

无限方差创新驱动的非平稳线性过程的单位根推断AI 解读

The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, we derive the asymptotic null distribution of the familiar augmented Dickey-Fuller [ADF] statistics in the case where the shocks follow a linear process driven by infinite variance innovations. We show that these distributions are free of serial correlation nuisance parameters but depend on the tail index of the infinite variance process. These distributions are shown to coincide with the corresponding results for the case…

近单位根动态面板中的 Anderson–Hsiao 估计AI 解读

Limit theory is developed for the dynamic panel IV estimator in the presence of an autoregressive root near unity. In the unit root case, Anderson–Hsiao lagged variable instruments satisfy orthogonality conditions but are well known to be irrelevant. For a fixed time series sample size ( T ) IV is inconsistent and approaches a shifted Cauchy-distributed random variate as the cross-section sample size n → ∞. But when T → ∞, either for fixed n or as n → ∞, IV is $\sqrt T$ consi…

已实现极端分位数：结合极值理论的条件分位数与波动率测度联合模型AI 解读

Summary We propose a new framework exploiting realized measures of volatility to estimate and forecast extreme quantiles. Our realized extreme quantile (REQ) combines quantile regression with extreme value theory and uses a measurement equation that relates the realized measure to the latent conditional quantile. Model estimation is performed by quasi maximum likelihood, and a simulation experiment validates this estimator in finite samples. An extensive empirical analysis…

异方差数据的时间序列Copula模型AI 解读

Summary We propose parametric copulas that capture serial dependence in stationary heteroskedastic time series. We suggest copulas for first‐order Markov series, and then extend them to higher orders and multivariate series. We derive the copula of a volatility proxy, based on which we propose new measures of volatility dependence, including co‐movement and spillover in multivariate series. In general, these depend upon the marginal distributions of the series. Using…

利用已实现方差改进马尔可夫切换模型AI 解读

Summary This paper proposes a class of models that jointly model returns and ex post variance measures under a Markov switching framework. Both univariate and multivariate return versions of the model are introduced. Estimation can be conducted under a fixed dimension state space or an infinite one. The proposed models can be seen as nonlinear common factor models subject to Markov switching and are able to exploit the information content in both returns and ex post…

广义自回归条件异方差模型的稳健拟合优度检验AI 解读

Estimation of time series models with heavy-tailed innovations has been widely discussed, but corresponding goodness-of-fit tests have attracted less attention, primarily because the autocorrelation function commonly used in constructing goodness-of-fit tests necessarily imposes 10 certain moment conditions on the innovations.As a bounded random variable has finite moments of all orders, we address the problem by first transforming the residuals with a bounded function.More…

多元时间序列的半参数动态 max-copula 模型AI 解读

Summary The paper presents a novel non-linear framework for the construction of flexible multivariate dependence structure (i.e. copulas) from existing copulas based on a straightforward ‘pairwise max-’rule. The newly constructed max-copula has a closed form and has strong interpretability. Compared with the classical ‘linear symmetric’ mixture copula, the max-copula can be viewed as a ‘non-linear asymmetric’ framework. It is capable of modelling asymmetric dependence and…

自回归型空间谱估计AI 解读

Nonparametric spectral density estimates find many uses in econometrics. For stationary random fields on a regular spatial lattice, we propose an autoregressive nonparametric spectral density estimate that is guaranteed positive even when suitable edge-effect correction is employed and is simple to compute using least squares. Our estimate is based on truncating a true half-plane infinite autoregressive representation, while also allowing the truncation length to diverge in…

空间自回归 Tobit 模型的筛最大似然估计AI 解读

This paper extends the ML estimation of a spatial autoregressive Tobit model under normal disturbances in Xu and Lee (2015b, Journal of Econometrics) to distribution-free estimation. We examine the sieve MLE of the model, where the disturbances are i.i.d.with an unknown distribution. We show that the spatial autoregressive process with Tobit censoring and related variables are spatial near-epoch dependent (NED). A related contribution is that we develop some exponential…

针对伪长记忆的多变量检验AI 解读

This paper provides a multivariate score-type test against spurious long memory. We prove the consistency of the test against the alternatives of random level shifts and smooth trends. The test statistic is based on the weighted sum of the partial derivatives of the multivariate local Whittle likelihood function. To apply the test to fractionally cointegrated series, the test statistic is calculated for the linearly transformed system after estimating the cointegrating…

基于三类检验原理的非参数设定检验AI 解读

Tests are developed for inference on a parameter vector whose dimension grows slowly with sample size. The statistics are based on the Lagrange Multiplier, Wald and (pseudo) Likelihood Ratio principles, admit standard normal asymptotic distributions under the null and are straightforward to compute. They are shown to be consistent and possessing non-trivial power against local alternatives. The settings considered include multiple linear regression, panel data models with…

基于高频金融数据的大维波动率矩阵自适应阈值估计AI 解读

Universal thresholding methods have been developed to estimate the large sparse integrated volatility matrix of underlying assets based on high-frequency financial data. Since the integrated volatility matrix often has entries with a wide range of variability, universal thresholding estimators do not take the varying entries into consideration and may have unsatisfactory performances. This paper investigates adaptive thresholding estimation of the large integrated volatility…

空间自回归模型的权重矩阵选择与模型平均AI 解读

Spatial econometrics relies on the spatial weights matrix to specify the cross-sectional dependence; however, the candidate spatial weights matrices might not be unique. This paper proposes a model selection procedure to choose a weights matrix from several candidates by using a Mallows type criterion. We prove that when the true weights matrix is not in the candidates, the procedure is asymptotically optimal in the sense of minimizing the squared loss; otherwise, the…

董事会多样性、企业风险与公司政策AI 解读

We examine the effects of diversity in the board of directors on corporate policies and risk. Using a multidimensional measure, we find that greater board diversity leads to lower volatility and better performance. The lower risk levels are largely due to diverse boards adopting more persistent and less risky financial policies. However, consistent with diversity fostering more efficient (real) risk-taking, firms with greater board diversity also invest persistently more in…

多元时间序列多重结构变化的高效贝叶斯方法AI 解读

Summary This paper provides a feasible approach to estimation and forecasting of multiple structural breaks for vector autoregressions and other multivariate models. Owing to conjugate prior assumptions we obtain a very efficient sampler for the regime allocation variable. A new hierarchical prior is introduced to allow for learning over different structural breaks. The model is extended to independent breaks in regression coefficients and the volatility parameters. Two…

识别金融传染AI 解读

Summary Identifying contagion effects during periods of financial crisis is known to be complicated by the changing volatility of asset returns during periods of stress. To untangle this we propose a GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) common features approach, where systemic risk emerges from a common factor source (or indeed multiple factor sources) with contagion evident through possible changes in the factor loadings relating to the common…

预测的高维渐近理论：岭回归与正则化判别分析AI 解读

We provide a unified analysis of the predictive risk of ridge regression and regularized discriminant analysis in a dense random effects model. We work in a high-dimensional asymptotic regime where $p,n\to\infty$ and $p/n\to\gamma>0$, and allow for arbitrary covariance among the features. For both methods, we provide an explicit and efficiently computable expression for the limiting predictive risk, which depends only on the spectrum of the feature-covariance matrix, the…

具有局部平稳回归变量的非参数固定效应面板模型AI 解读

We develop methods for inference in nonparametric time-varying fixed effects panel data models that allow for locally stationary regressors and for the time series length T and cross-section size N both being large. We first develop a pooled nonparametric profile least squares dummy variable approach to estimate the nonparametric function, and establish the optimal convergence rate and asymptotic normality of the resultant estimator. We then propose a test statistic to check…