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非线性协整检验AI 解读

This paper develops tests for the null hypothesis of cointegration in the nonlinear regression model with I (1) variables. The test statistics we use in this paper are Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin’s (1992; KPSS hereafter) tests for the null of stationarity, though using other kinds of tests is also possible. The tests are shown to depend on the limiting distributions of the estimators and parameters of the nonlinear model when they use full-sample residuals from…

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不稳定环境中的预测比较AI 解读

Abstract We propose new methods for comparing the out‐of‐sample forecasting performance of two competing models in the presence of possible instabilities. The main idea is to develop a measure of the relative local forecasting performance for the two models, and to investigate its stability over time by means of statistical tests. We propose two tests (the Fluctuation test and the One‐Time Reversal test) that analyze the evolution of the models' relative performance over…

小规模嵌套模型集合的预测评价AI 解读

Abstract We propose two new procedures for comparing the mean squared prediction error (MSPE) of a benchmark model to the MSPEs of a small set of alternative models that nest the benchmark. Our procedures compare the benchmark to all the alternative models simultaneously rather than sequentially, and do not require re‐estimation of models as part of a bootstrap procedure. Both procedures adjust MSPE differences in accordance with Clark and West ( 2007 ); one procedure then…

利用时变多元模型带通滤波提取稳健的美国商业周期AI 解读

Abstract We develop a flexible business cycle indicator that accounts for potential time variation in macroeconomic variables. The coincident economic indicator is based on a multivariate trend cycle decomposition model and is constructed from a moderate set of US macroeconomic time series. In particular, we consider an unobserved components time series model with a common cycle that is shared across different time series but adjusted for phase shift and amplitude. The…

美联储工作人员、简单简约式模型与 DSGE 模型的预测表现比较AI 解读

Abstract This paper considers the ‘real‐time’ forecast performance of the Federal Reserve staff, time‐series models, and an estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model—the Federal Reserve Board's Estimated, Dynamic, Optimization‐based (Edo) model. We evaluate forecast performance using out‐of‐sample predictions from 1996 to 2004. We find that the Edo model can provide forecasts that are competitive with those of Federal Reserve staff. Taken together with…

Euro-sting：欧元区增长的短期指标AI 解读

Abstract We set out a model to compute short‐term forecasts of the euro area GDP growth in real time. To allow for forecast evaluation, we construct a real‐time dataset that changes for each vintage date and includes the exact information that was available at the time of each forecast. With this dataset we show that our simple factor model algorithm, which uses an easy‐to‐replicate methodology, is able to forecast the euro area GDP growth as well as professional forecasters…

预测路径的评价AI 解读

Abstract A path forecast refers to the sequence of forecasts 1 to H periods into the future. A summary of the range of possible paths the predicted variable may follow for a given confidence level requires construction of simultaneous confidence regions that adjust for any covariance between the elements of the path forecast. This paper shows how to construct such regions with the joint predictive density and Scheffé's S‐method of 1953. In addition, the joint predictive…

不确定不稳定性下的 VAR 预测密度组合AI 解读

Abstract Recursive‐weight forecast combination is often found to an ineffective method of improving point forecast accuracy in the presence of uncertain instabilities. We examine the effectiveness of this strategy for forecast densities using (many) vector autoregressive (VAR) and autoregressive (AR) models of output growth, inflation and interest rates. Our proposed recursive‐weight density combination strategy, based on the recursive logarithmic score of the forecast…

对《状态空间模型中的有效似然估计》相关问题评论的回复AI 解读

Motivated by studying asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in stochastic volatility (SV) models, in this paper we investigate likelihood estimation in state space models. We first prove, under some regularity conditions, there is a consistent sequence of roots of the likelihood equation that is asymptotically normal with the inverse of the Fisher information as its variance. With an extra assumption that the likelihood equation has a unique root…

高频金融数据的大维度波动率矩阵估计AI 解读

High-frequency data observed on the prices of financial assets are commonly modeled by diffusion processes with micro-structure noise, and realized volatility-based methods are often used to estimate integrated volatility. For problems involving a large number of assets, the estimation objects we face are volatility matrices of large size. The existing volatility estimators work well for a small number of assets but perform poorly when the number of assets is very large. In…

基于时间变换的随机波动率模型推断AI 解读

We address the problem of parameter estimation for diffusion driven stochastic volatility models through Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). To avoid degeneracy issues we introduce an innovative reparametrization defined through transformations that operate on the time scale of the diffusion. A novel MCMC scheme which overcomes the inherent difficulties of time change transformations is also presented. The algorithm is fast to implement and applies to models with stochastic…

评级迁移时间平稳性的似然比检验AI 解读

We study the time-stationarity of rating transitions, modelled by a time-continuous discrete-state Markov process and derive a likelihood ratio test. For multiple Markov processes from a multiplicative intensity model, maximum likelihood parameter estimates can be written as martingale transform of the processes, counting transitions between the rating states, so that the profile partial likelihood ratio is asymptotically [chi]2-distributed. An application to an internal…

未知单整阶数的分数系统非参数协整分析AI 解读

In this paper a nonparametric variance ratio testing approach is proposed for determining the cointegration rank in fractionally integrated systems. The test statistic is easily calculated without prior knowledge of the integration order of the data, the strength of the cointegrating relations, or the cointegration vector(s). The latter property makes it easier to implement than regression-based approaches, especially when examining relationships between several variables…

非线性与时间依赖AI 解读

Nonlinearities in the drift and diffusion coefficients influence temporal dependence in diffusion models. We study this link using three measures of temporal dependence: [rho]-mixing, [beta]-mixing and [alpha]-mixing. Stationary diffusions that are [rho]-mixing have mixing coefficients that decay exponentially to zero. When they fail to be [rho]-mixing, they are still [beta]-mixing and [alpha]-mixing; but coefficient decay is slower than exponential. For such processes we…

时间序列模型设定的渐近分布无关检验AI 解读

We consider a class of time series specification tests based on quadratic forms of weighted sums of residuals autocorrelations. Asymptotically distribution-free tests in the presence of estimated parameters are obtained by suitably transforming the weights, which can be optimally chosen to maximize the power function when testing in the direction of local alternatives. We discuss in detail an asymptotically optimal distribution-free alternative to the popular Box-Pierce when…

通过分解建模金融收益动态AI 解读

While the predictability of excess stock returns is detected by traditional predictive regressions as statistically small, the direction-of-change and volatility of returns exhibit a substantially larger degree of dependence over time. We capitalize on this observation and decompose the returns into a product of sign and absolute value components whose joint distribution is obtained by combining a multiplicative error model for absolute values, a dynamic binary choice model…

序列相关检验：广义Andrews–Ploberger检验AI 解读

This paper considers testing the null hypothesis that a times series is uncorrelated when the time series is uncorrelated but statistically dependent. This case is of interest in economic and finance applications. The GARCH(1, 1) model is a leading example of a model that generates serially uncorrelated but statistically dependent data. The tests of serial correlation introduced by Andrews and Ploberger (1996, hereafter AP) are generalized for the purpose of testing the…

时间序列条件方差的半参数估计量AI 解读

We propose a new combined semiparametric estimator, which incorporates the parametric and nonparametric estimators of the conditional variance in a multiplicative way. We derive the asymptotic bias, variance, and normality of the combined estimator under general conditions. We show that under correct parametric specification, our estimator can do as well as the parametric estimator in terms of convergence rates; whereas under parametric misspecification our estimator can…

股票市场收益指数波动率的长记忆与水平突变AI 解读

There has been interest in the possibility of confusing long memory and structural changes in level, and studies showed that when a short-memory process is contaminated by level shifts the estimate of the fractional differencing parameter is biased upward and the autocovariances decay slowly. We analyze the properties of the autocorrelation function, the periodogram, and the log periodogram estimate of the memory parameter when the level shift component is a mixture model.…

群体决策中的最优二元预测AI 解读

We address the problem of optimally forecasting a binary variable for a heterogeneous group of decision makers facing various (binary) decision problems that are tied together only by the unknown outcome. A typical example is a weather forecaster who needs to estimate the probability of rain tomorrow and then report it to the public. Given a conditional probability model for the outcome of interest (e.g., logit or probit), we introduce the idea of maximum welfare estimation…

相依异质数据的递归预测组合AI 解读

This paper studies a procedure to combine individual forecasts that achieve theoretical optimal performance. The results apply to a wide variety of loss functions and only require a tail condition on the data sequences. The theoretical results show that the bounds are also valid in the case of time varying combination weights.

扩散模型的重加权函数估计AI 解读

The local linear method is popular in estimating nonparametric continuous-time diffusion models, but it may produce negative results for the diffusion (or volatility) functions and thus lead to insensible inference. We demonstrate this using U.S. interest rate data. We propose a new functional estimation method of the diffusion coefficient based on reweighting the conventional Nadaraya–Watson estimator. It preserves the appealing bias properties of the local linear estimator…

随机系数 GLARCH(1,1) 过程的同期聚合AI 解读

The paper discusses contemporaneous aggregation of the Linear ARCH (LARCH) model as defined in (1), which was introduced in Robinson (1991) and studied in Giraitis, Robinson, and Surgailis (2000) and other works. We show that the limiting aggregate of the (G)eneralized LARCH(1,1) process in (3)–(4) with random Beta distributed coefficient β exhibits long memory. In particular, we prove that squares of the limiting aggregated process have slowly decaying correlations and…