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多项分布比例的同时置信区间与样本量确定AI 解读

Simultaneous confidence interval procedures for multinomial proportions are used in many areas of science. In this article two new simultaneous confidence interval procedures are introduced. Numerical results are presented to evaluate these procedures and compare their performance with established methods that have been used in statistical literature. From the results presented in this article, it is evident that the new procedures are more accurate than the established…

线性回归与平滑的同时置信带AI 解读

Suppose we observe $Y-i = f(x_i) + \varepsilon_i, i = 1, \ldots, n$. We wish to find approximate $1 - \alpha$ simultaneous confidence regions for $\{f(x), x \in \mathscr{X}\}$. Our regions will be centered around linear estimates $\hat{f}(x)$ of nonparametric or nonparametric $f(x)$. There is a large amount of previous work on this subject. Substantial restrictions have been usually placed on some or all of the dimensionality of $x,$ the class of functions $f$ that can be…

右删失两样本问题中位移函数的推断及应用AI 解读

For two distribution functions, F and G, the shift function is defined by Δ(t) = G −1 · F(t) - t. The shift function is the distance from the 45° line and the quantity plotted in Q-Q plots. In the analysis of lifetime data, A represents the difference between two treatments. The shift function can also be used to find crossing points of two distribution functions. The large-sample distribution theory for estimates of Δ is studied for right-censored data. It turns out that…

右删失两样本问题中位移函数的推断及应用AI 解读

For two distribution functions, F and G, the shift function is defined by Δ(t) = G −1 · F(t) - t. The shift function is the distance from the 45° line and the quantity plotted in Q-Q plots. In the analysis of lifetime data, A represents the difference between two treatments. The shift function can also be used to find crossing points of two distribution functions. The large-sample distribution theory for estimates of Δ is studied for right-censored data. It turns out that…

相关曲线：回归局部解释方差的度量AI 解读

We call (a model for) an experiment heterocorrelatious if the strength of the relationship between a response variable Y and a covariate X is different in different regions of the covariate space. For such experiments we introduce a correlation curve that measures heter-ocorrelaticity in terms of the variance explained by regression locally at each covariate value. More precisely, the squared correlation curve is obtained by first expressing the usual linear model “variance…

作为回归局部方差解释度量的相关曲线AI 解读

We call (a model for) an experiment heterocorrelatious if the strength of the relationship between a response variable Y and a covariate X is different in different regions of the covariate space. For such experiments we introduce a correlation curve that measures heter-ocorrelaticity in terms of the variance explained by regression locally at each covariate value. More precisely, the squared correlation curve is obtained by first expressing the usual linear model “variance…

比例风险模型下生存曲线的置信带AI 解读

In this paper, we show how to construct simultaneous confidence bands for the subject-specific survival curve under the Cox proportional hazards model. The idea is to approximate the distribution of the normalized cumulative hazard estimator by a zero-mean Gaussian process whose distribution can be easily generated through simulation. Numerical studies indicate that the proposed bands are appropriate for practical use. A liver disease example is presented.

析因设计的完全非参数假设（一）：多元重复测量设计AI 解读

We introduce nonparametric versions for many of the hypotheses tested in analysis of variance and repeated measures models, such as the hypotheses of no main effects, no interaction effects, and no factor effects. These natural extensions of the nonparametric hypothesis of equality of the k distributions in the k sample problem have appealing practical interpretations. We concentrate on multivariate repeated measures designs and obtain simple rank statistics for testing…

逐步决策程序与置信集的关系AI 解读

This article considers the relationship between two standard methods of inference on a set of A: unknown parameters, namely stepwise decision procedures and the construction of simultaneous confidence intervals. Illustrative examples with k = 2 are discussed for one-sided step-down and step-up decision procedures and for a two-sided step-down decision procedure. For these examples with normal distributional assumptions, a set of confidence intervals associated with the…

摘要暂缺

逐步决策程序与置信集之间的关系AI 解读

This article considers the relationship between two standard methods of inference on a set of A: unknown parameters, namely stepwise decision procedures and the construction of simultaneous confidence intervals. Illustrative examples with k = 2 are discussed for one-sided step-down and step-up decision procedures and for a two-sided step-down decision procedure. For these examples with normal distributional assumptions, a set of confidence intervals associated with the…

摘要暂缺

测量误差模型中线性函数关系的 Bootstrap 置信域AI 解读

We suggest bootstrap methods for constructing confidence bands (and intervals) for an unknown linear functional relationship in an errors-invariables model. It is assumed that the ratio of error variances is known to lie within an interval $\Lambda = \lbrack\lambda_1, \lambda_2\rbrack$. A confidence band is constructed for the range of possible linear relationships when $\lambda \in \Lambda$. Meaningful results are obtained even in the extreme case $\Lambda = \lbrack 0, \infty\rbrack$…

Cox模型中随协变量变化的中位生存时间置信带AI 解读

Let ξp (x) be the pth quantile of the distribution of the life length of an individual with covariate vector x in the Cox model. We introduce an estimator ξp (x) of ξp (x) and develop several families of confidence bands for ξ(x) as a function of x. To construct one type of band, we proceed as follows. We show that as n → ∞, where n is the number of individuals in the study, ) converges weakly to a Gaussian process W(x) with a complicated covariance structure. We then…

非参数回归中的置信带AI 解读

New bias-corrected confidence bands are proposed for nonparametric kernal regression. These bands are constructed using only a kernel estimator of the regression curve and its data-selected bandwidth. They are shown to have asymptotically correct coverage properties and to behave well in a small-sample study. One consequence of the large-sample developments is that Bonferroni-type bands for the regression curve at the design points also have conservative asymptotic coverage…

非参数曲线估计中的Edgeworth展开与Bootstrap置信带AI 解读

SUMMARY The notion of pivoting and techniques of Edgeworth expansion have become basic tools for using and understanding bootstrap methods in finite parameter problems. This paper shows that these ideas have important contributions to make to infinite parameter problems, e.g. in the construction of simultaneous confidence bands for nonparametric density estimators. We propose a bootstrap method for confidence band construction based on a pivotal function estimator and…

营养吸收速率方程的非参数估计AI 解读

Knowledge of the rate of a biological process is important for characterizing the system and is necessary for gaining a deeper understanding of the process. Consider measurements, Y, made over time on a system following the model Y = f(t) + e, where f is a smooth, unknown function and e is measurement error. Although most statistical methodology has focused on estimating f(t) or f′(t), in some applications what is of real biological interest is the relationship between f and…

养分吸收速率方程的非参数估计AI 解读

Knowledge of the rate of a biological process is important for characterizing the system and is necessary for gaining a deeper understanding of the process. Consider measurements, Y, made over time on a system following the model Y = f(t) + e, where f is a smooth, unknown function and e is measurement error. Although most statistical methodology has focused on estimating f(t) or f′(t), in some applications what is of real biological interest is the relationship between f and…

分位数过程弱收敛的初等方法及其在删失生存数据中的应用AI 解读

Let ξ be a continuously differentiable function with positive derivative, and let ξ n be a sequence of right-continuous increasing processes. We show that if n 1/2(ξ n − ξ) W, where W is continuous, then n 1/2(ξ−1 n − ξ−1) − W(ξ−1)/ξ′(ξ−1). This result is applied to classical processes such as the empirical distribution function, the Kaplan-Meier estimator, and some other situations. We also prove an analogous result for the bootstrapped version of n 1/2(ξ n − ξ) and show…

不完全修复模型的非参数方法AI 解读

In the age-dependent minimal repair model of Block, Borges and Savits (BBS), a system failing at age $t$ undergoes one of two types of repair. With probability $p(t)$, a perfect repair is performed and the system is returned to the "good-as-new" state, while with probability $1 - p(t)$, a minimal repair is performed and the system is repaired, but is only as good as a working system of age $t$. Whitaker and Samaniego propose an estimator for the system life distribution $F$ w…

排序集样本的非参数两样本方法AI 解读

Ranked-set samples have been shown to lead to improved methods of estimation in parametric settings under specific distributional forms when actual measurement of the sample observations is difficult but ranking them is relatively easy. The earliest work with ranked-set data concentrated on estimating a population mean or variance. More recently, a ranked-set sample estimator of a cumulative distribution function was developed and used to obtain a simultaneous confidence…

1851—1985年北半球爆炸性火山活动的探索性分析AI 解读

Studies of regional climate following volcanic eruptions suggest that explosive volcanism exerts a short-term cooling effect. To understand the effects of explosive volcanism on historic temperatures, it is necessary to identify changes through time in the frequency of explosive eruptions. This article presents an exploratory analysis of a record of explosive eruptions in the Northern Hemisphere over the period 1851–1985. This record is modeled as a nonstationary Poisson…

指定年龄下“新优于旧”约束生存函数估计量的弱收敛AI 解读

A survival function S is said to be in the New Better than Used of age t 0 (NBU-t 0) class if S(x + t 0) ≤ S(t 0)S(x) for all x ≥ 0. Reneau and Samaniego proposed an estimator Ŝ n for S when S is known as a member of the NBU-t 0 class. Many properties of Ŝ n were studied by Reneau and Samaniego. The problems of the weak convergence of Wn = √n (Ŝ n − S), however, was not solved. In this article, we show that the weak convergence of Wn does not hold in general and establish…

指定年龄下新优于旧约束的生存函数估计量弱收敛AI 解读

A survival function S is said to be in the New Better than Used of age t 0 (NBU-t 0) class if S(x + t 0) ≤ S(t 0)S(x) for all x ≥ 0. Reneau and Samaniego proposed an estimator Ŝ n for S when S is known as a member of the NBU-t 0 class. Many properties of Ŝ n were studied by Reneau and Samaniego. The problems of the weak convergence of Wn = √n (Ŝ n − S), however, was not solved. In this article, we show that the weak convergence of Wn does not hold in general and establish…