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生存率标准误的参数化估计AI 解读

This paper proposes a simplification of Greenwood's estimate of the standard error of the survival rate. The simplifying assumptions are (a) that cases enter the follow-up study at a uniform rate, (b) there are no losses to follow-up, and (c) the mortality risk for successive follow-up intervals is constant. Numerical examples drawn from cancer registry data indicate that the proposed estimate yields acceptable results under certain realistic circumstances despite some…

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偏移对圆概率误差估计的影响AI 解读

Two estimates for the Circular Probable Error (CEP) are studied to determine their effectiveness when the aim point is shifted from the target center to another point. It is assumed that the distribution of points is bivariate circular normal, with mean value (or aim point) at (m 1, m 2) and variances σ x 2 = σ y 2 = σ2. Both estimates are unbiased and asymptotically efficient when the aim point is at (0, 0). When the aim point is shifted, only one of the estimates is…

广义经典线性可识别性检验统计量的有限样本分布AI 解读

In the estimation of econometric simultaneous equations models, hypothesized necessary conditions for the identifiability of a single equation usually specify the exclusion of a number of variables from the structural equation in question. If the pre-determined variables are completely exogenous, if the disturbances in the equations are jointly normally distributed, and if a moderately high degree of precision can be obtained in reduced-form estimation, then the exact finite…

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偏移对圆概率误差估计的影响AI 解读

Two estimates for the Circular Probable Error (CEP) are studied to determine their effectiveness when the aim point is shifted from the target center to another point. It is assumed that the distribution of points is bivariate circular normal, with mean value (or aim point) at (m 1, m 2) and variances σ x 2 = σ y 2 = σ2. Both estimates are unbiased and asymptotically efficient when the aim point is at (0, 0). When the aim point is shifted, only one of the estimates is…

心理学与教育学中的基础统计方法AI 解读

Originally published by Houghton Mifflin in 1977, this excellent volume makes basic statistical concepts and techniques genuinely meaningful to the beginning student by using a reasonably rigorous developmental treatment that is easily understood.

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独立样本相对离散程度的非参数秩和方法AI 解读

A nonparametric procedure is presented to test the null hypothesis that two independent samples come from the same population against the alternative hypothesis that the samples come from populations differing in variability or “spread.” Extensive tables of critical values are included for n 1≤n 2≤20. Large sample procedures are presented which include a correction for tied observations. The test is entirely distribution-free under the usual randomization procedures against…

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零值截断且部分单次计数缺失时的泊松分布估计AI 解读

This paper is concerned with maximum likelihood estimation of the Poisson parameter λ when the zero class has been truncated and when errors of observation have resulted in eliminating some though not necessarily all of the one class. Estimators are derived both for λ and the proportion θ of ones eliminated as a consequence of faulty observation. A table and a graph of the estimation function involved are given. Asymptotic variances and covariances of the estimators are…

柯西分布小样本中位数的方差AI 解读

Exact values of the variances of the medians of small samples from a Cauchy distribution are given. They are compared with the values obtained by using the formula for asymptotic variance.

家庭形成率及其组成的变化AI 解读

In the prediction of future household formation, it proves useful to separate movements caused by population changes from those caused by shifts in the occurrence rates of households among a given population. The varying rates of occurrence reflect the differential impacts of economic vairables and social change. This study indicates that until better data are available, forecasts of households will have to rely primarily upon judgment. This can be gained from an analysis of…

线性回归系统两种体制的假设检验AI 解读

Several approaches are explored for testing the hypothesis that no switch has occurred in the true values of the parameters of a linear regression system. The distribution of the relevant likelihood ratio λ is analyzed on the basis of the empirical distribution resulting from some sampling experiments. The hypothesis that −2 log λ has the χ2 distribution with the appropriate degrees of freedom is rejected and an empirical table of percentage points is obtained. Finally some…

控制变量含测量误差时的大样本协方差分析AI 解读

When the control variable contains errors of measurement, the usual analysis of covariance fails to adjust adequately for initial differences between groups. A large-sample significance test is presented here for the case where the fallible control variable has been measured in duplicate.

零值与部分一值缺失时截断泊松分布的估计AI 解读

This paper is concerned with maximum likelihood estimation of the Poisson parameter λ when the zero class has been truncated and when errors of observation have resulted in eliminating some though not necessarily all of the one class. Estimators are derived both for λ and the proportion θ of ones eliminated as a consequence of faulty observation. A table and a graph of the estimation function involved are given. Asymptotic variances and covariances of the estimators are…

家庭形成率及其构成的变化AI 解读

In the prediction of future household formation, it proves useful to separate movements caused by population changes from those caused by shifts in the occurrence rates of households among a given population. The varying rates of occurrence reflect the differential impacts of economic vairables and social change. This study indicates that until better data are available, forecasts of households will have to rely primarily upon judgment. This can be gained from an analysis of…

线性回归系统两种机制切换的假设检验AI 解读

Several approaches are explored for testing the hypothesis that no switch has occurred in the true values of the parameters of a linear regression system. The distribution of the relevant likelihood ratio λ is analyzed on the basis of the empirical distribution resulting from some sampling experiments. The hypothesis that −2 log λ has the χ2 distribution with the appropriate degrees of freedom is rejected and an empirical table of percentage points is obtained. Finally some…

柯西分布样本中位数的方差AI 解读

Exact values of the variances of the medians of small samples from a Cauchy distribution are given. They are compared with the values obtained by using the formula for asymptotic variance.