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针对标量备择的拟合优度检验渐近相对效率AI 解读

This paper deals with the asymptotic relative efficiency (A.R.E.) and the asymptotic power of certain tests. These tests are distribution-free goodness-of-fit tests based on the empirical distribution function. They are the one and two sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and a new one based on the absolute values of the order statistics. The method of obtaining the A.R.E. is due to Quade [5] and is outlined in Section 1. In this paper we are concerned with the case of scalar…

利用 t 分布估计多个对比AI 解读

Various methods based on Student t variates have been suggested and used for obtaining simultaneous confidence intervals for several means, or for several contrasts among means. Determination of an overall confidence level for such intervals involves evaluating the probability mass of a multivariate t distribution over a hypercube centered at the origin, with sides paralleling the coordinate planes, or obtaining bounds for this probability mass. Since such distributions…

存在离群值时有关指数分布假设的若干检验AI 解读

In this paper the robustness of some of the existing tests for the exponential distribution when some outliers are present is reviewed. It is noted that the tests proposed by Epstein and Sobel [4] can be used without any major modification in the presence of outliers and a more suitable flexible test criterion is proposed for the exponential lower limit which is superior to Carlson's statistic [2] in all situations. The distribution of this statistic is derived and tables…

统一的最小二乘分析AI 解读

It is seen (through consideration of generalized inverses) that the abbreviated Doolittle method serves, in problems of linear estimation, as a solution technique for models of less than full rank as well as for models of full rank, and in identically the same fashion. Thus the method assumes increased importance as a research and pedagogical device, as well as a computing technique.

二元响应独立性的组合检验AI 解读

Dealt with in this paper is the analysis of phenomena involving simultaneous responses among members of small groups during a finite number of discrete time intervals. An exact combinatorial test obtained by conditioning on the sufficient statistics under a null hypothesis is proposed. A specific application of this test is given for the analysis of asthma attack data of asthmatic individuals.

摘要暂缺

统一的最小二乘分析AI 解读

It is seen (through consideration of generalized inverses) that the abbreviated Doolittle method serves, in problems of linear estimation, as a solution technique for models of less than full rank as well as for models of full rank, and in identically the same fashion. Thus the method assumes increased importance as a research and pedagogical device, as well as a computing technique.

投资拨款数据与企业投资决策AI 解读

Several hypotheses which have been employed to explain firms' investment in plant and equipment are tested against the NICB quarterly series on new appropriations. Data for nine two-digit industries are used to estimate regression equations for each industry, using the efficient estimation technique of Zellner. Interesting industry differences appear; in particular, the least concentrated industries appear more sensitive to pressure on capacity, while the remaining…

二值响应独立性的组合检验AI 解读

Dealt with in this paper is the analysis of phenomena involving simultaneous responses among members of small groups during a finite number of discrete time intervals. An exact combinatorial test obtained by conditioning on the sufficient statistics under a null hypothesis is proposed. A specific application of this test is given for the analysis of asthma attack data of asthmatic individuals.

针对标量备择的拟合优度检验渐近相对效率AI 解读

This paper deals with the asymptotic relative efficiency (A.R.E.) and the asymptotic power of certain tests. These tests are distribution-free goodness-of-fit tests based on the empirical distribution function. They are the one and two sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and a new one based on the absolute values of the order statistics. The method of obtaining the A.R.E. is due to Quade [5] and is outlined in Section 1. In this paper we are concerned with the case of scalar…

摘要暂缺

不等概率不放回抽样中的一类线性估计量AI 解读

Horvitz and Thompson [3] have suggested for the estimation of population characteristic certain classes of linear estimators depending on weights associated with the sample observations, when a sample of size n is drawn without replacement using arbitrary probabilities of selection for each draw. However, it should be observed here, that there might not exist even a single linear unbiased estimator for the class which is termed an empty class. A situation arises where the…

摘要暂缺

均值与精度均未知的独立多元正态过程的贝叶斯分析AI 解读

Under the assumption that neither the mean vector nor the variance-covariance matrix are known with certainty, the natural conjugate family of prior densities for the multivariate Normal process is identified. Prior-posterior and preposterior analysis is done assuming that the prior is in the natural conjugate family. A procedure is presented for obtaining non-degenerate joint posterior and preposterior distributions of all parameters even when the number of objective sample…

卡方概率列线图AI 解读

T O DECIDE if a calculated value of x2 is significant it is customary to use a table such as that given by Fisher [5]. The experimenter thus finds the frequency with which, according to some hypothesis as to the population(s) from which the samples are drawn, random sampling would give numbers leading to a x2 greater than that actually obtained. Presently available tables may give values of this probability for integral values of x2 (Elderton, Yule), or, as in Fisher's…

牧场草本植物重量组成的估计方法AI 解读

In this article a method is presented which provides an efficient technique for estimating herbage weight composition on range units. The estimator derives from a weighted regression of species weight on species cover, i.e., the proportion of ground area covered by foliage of the species. Use of the present method of estimation in conjunction with a “pin-frame” field sampling procedure results in quite substantial savings in sampling cost for given precision, compared to the…

若干比率估计量的比较AI 解读

In this article, four ratio estimators designated as simple, Quenouille's, Beale's and modified ratio estimators are compared with respect to bias, efficiency, approach to normality and computational convenience. They are shown to be asymptotically minimum variance bound estimators. Some additional ratio estimators are discussed briefly and compared with these. Quenouille's, Beale's, and modified ratio estimators are found to be more attractive than the alternatives compared.

按规模比例概率随机化系统抽样中的方差估计AI 解读

Approximate expressions are given for the variance of two commonly used variance estimators when two units are selected from a stratum systematically with probability proportionate to size. The stability of the variance estimators is examined with the help of an example.

基于正态样本平均绝对偏差的置信区间AI 解读

Confidence intervals for the population mean of a normal distribution can be determined from the distribution of the variate , analogue to Student's t-distribution but based on the mean absolute deviation d instead of the standard deviation. The H-distribution is derived: the frequency function is symmetric about zero, with central ordinate (1/φ) √ (1-n -1); asymptotically it is normal, N(0, √(φ/2)). An approximate formula for the calculation of the percent values is…

简单线性回归中最优预测的实验设计AI 解读

Allocation of experimental data points is considered in order to provide efficient prediction of the dependent variable in simple linear regression. The region of experimental points is taken such that it need not coincide with the region for prediction where the regression is linear. The allocation which minimizes the maximum variance for a predicted value of the dependent variable is obtained. The allocation of experimental data points which minimizes the average variance…

双向分类混合模型设计的最小充分统计量AI 解读

This paper presents theorems which can be used to obtain sufficient and minimal sufficient statistics for the two-way classification mixed model design. Using the general linear hypothesis model Y=X τ+Z β+e the authors prove that the dimension of a minimal sufficient statistic is a function of the ranks of certain submatrices of Z×X. Minimal sufficient statistics are presented in tabular form for some two-way classification designs and some of the distributional properties…

同时存在扰动与观测误差的自回归变量预测AI 解读

Past work on prediction formulas for time series, e.g., that of Wiener and Yaglom, has used powerful and general spectral techniques that result in integral formulas difficult to evaluate in practical cases. In this paper the more direct, less powerful approach developed by Muth produces useful and specific results for a broad class of cases that includes virtually every case of a higher order Markov process observed with error. The results provide plausible theoretical…

用于空间遥测数据压缩的次序统计量AI 解读

The need for data compression, a consequence of the demands made on the telemetry system of a space vehicle, prompts consideration of the use of sample quantiles in estimating population parameters and obtaining tests of goodness of fit for large samples. In this paper optimal unbiased estimators of the mean and standard deviation are given using up to twenty quantiles when the parent population is normal. Moreover, the estimators are relatively insensitive to deviations…

临床试验数据分析的贝叶斯方法AI 解读

A Bayesian logical probability approach is described and its advantages with respect to constructing prior distributions for Bayesian analyses are discussed. Some standard Bayesian distribution theory for categorized data is summarized. Data from an on-going experiment to compare the relative efficacy of four operative treatments for ulcer are used both to pinpoint some of the practical problems involved in clinical trials and to demonstrate the usefulness of Bayesian…