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利用调查与卫星数据预测县级作物面积的误差分量模型AI 解读

Knowledge of the area under different crops is important to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Sample surveys have been designed to estimate crop areas for large regions, such as crop-reporting districts, individual states, and the United States as a whole. Predicting crop areas for small areas such as counties has generally not been attempted, due to a lack of available data from farm surveys for these areas. The use of satellite data in association with farm-level survey…

地震发生的统计模型与点过程残差分析AI 解读

This article discusses several classes of stochastic models for the origin times and magnitudes of earthquakes. The models are compared for a Japanese data set for the years 1885–1980 using likelihood methods. For the best model, a change of time scale is made to investigate the deviation of the data from the model. Conventional graphical methods associated with stationary Poisson processes can be used with the transformed time scale. For point processes, effective use of…

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经典与现代回归及其应用AI 解读

The author emphasizes applications with examples that illustrate nearly all the techniques discussed. Applications have been selected from physical sciences, engineering, biology, management science and economics. Emphasis is also placed on concepts with a blend between illustrations using real data sets and mathematical and conceptual development. Expanded coverage includes: simultaneous influence, maximum likelihood estimation of parameters, and the plotting of residuals,…

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概率与数理统计导论AI 解读

Probability Random Variables and Their Distributions Special Probability Distributions Joint Distributions Properties of Random Variables Functions of Random Variables Limiting Distributions Statistics and Sampling Distributions Point Estimation Sufficiency and Completeness Interval Estimation Test of Hypotheses Contingency Tables and Goodness-of-Fit Nonparametric Methods Regression and Linear Models Reliability and Survival Distributions Answers to Selected Exercises.

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若干联合假设检验的 Bahadur 效率AI 解读

This article examines the relative efficiency of finite induced and Wald-like (or “infinite induced”) tests of some commonly encountered joint hypotheses. One two-sided testing problem and two types of two-sided testing problems concerning two parameters and normally distributed estimates are considered. The exact slopes of six test statistics are derived, and from these the Bahadur relative efficiency of tests based on any pair of the statistics can be easily computed. For…

有限总体抽样中稳健估计的若干结果AI 解读

The present article examines the robustness of sampling strategies, that is, estimators and sample designs, from the point of view of attaining the minimum value of the Godambe—Joshi lower bound to the expected variance of a strategy. It is shown that asymptotic design unbiasedness is necessary but insufficient for robustness defined in the above sense. The concepts of weak and strong robustness of estimators, for given sampling strategies, are introduced. The article…

左截断和／或右删失数据的精确 Kolmogorov 型检验AI 解读

The tests proposed in this article are natural generalizations of the ordinary Kolmogorov—Smirnov one-sample tests based on the product-limit estimator. They can be used with left-truncated and/or right-censored data and, as the ordinary tests, they have the nice properties of being valid for any sample size and any underlying distribution specified by the null hypothesis. The acceptance region for the product-limit estimator consists of a Kolmogorov—Smirnov-type region that…

经济时间序列季节性的动态理论探索AI 解读

Several economists, notably Plosser (1978), Sargent (1978), and Wallis (1978) refuted the assumption that the seasonal component of endogenous variables in a dynamic economic model has almost all of its power restricted to what is termed seasonal frequency and its harmonics. In this article, a model with a closed-form solution is formulated to provide more insight into the arguments put forward by economists. It is concluded that univariate seasonal adjustment cannot be…

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两阶段抽样对 F 统计量的影响AI 解读

The assumption of iid observations that underlies many statistical procedures is called into question when analyzing complex survey data. The population structure-particularly the existence of clusters in two-stage samples that usually exhibit positive intracluster correlation-invalidates the independence assumption. Kish and Frankel (1974) investigated the impact of this fact on regression analysis by using the standard sample-survey-theory framework; Campbell (1977) and…

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截获数据的统计模型AI 解读

Consider a population of replaceable items of different ages, and suppose that for each item there is a certain measurable attribute that is a monotone function (perhaps random) of the item's age. To fix ideas, we refer to this attribute as deterioration and we assume that as items age their level of deterioration increases. We further assume that as the level of deterioration hits a certain threshold value (perhaps unknown), the item dies and disappears from the population,…

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