论文检索

用医疗事故数据预测索赔频率：含随机效应的泊松过程模型AI 解读

I use the Florida state data base (1975–1987) of settled malpractice claims to develop Poisson process models for the frequency of claims filed against individual physicians. These models incorporate random effects and covariates that represent physician attributes and are natural generalizations of the negative binomial model that is typically used to study claims frequency. I predict claims frequencies during 1981–1982 using models that are selected and estimated from…

改进小区域人口估计方法的评估AI 解读

We provide and illustrate methods for evaluating across-the-board ratio estimation and synthetic estimation, two techniques that might be used for improving population estimates for small areas. The methods emphasize determination of a break-even accuracy of knowledge concerning externally obtained population totals, which marks the point at which improvement occurs.

摘要暂缺

秩统计量非零假设模型在双变量、两样本与方差分析中的应用AI 解读

A nonnull model for rank statistics based on Kendall's tau has received quite a bit of attention in the ranking literature lately. In this article, we analyze this model with an eye towards applying it to situations in which nonparametric statistics such as Kendall's tau, the Mann-Whitney/Wilcoxon U, the Jonckheere-Terpstra statistic, the Kruskal-Wallis statistic, and Friedman's statistic for randomized blocks designs are often used. The data for the basic model are a pair…

Wald 置信区间与检验的若干替代方法AI 解读

The problem considered is that of inference for the variance ratio λ = σ 2 s /σ 2 e in mixed linear models of the form y = Xβ + Zs + e, where β is a column vector of unknown parameters and s and e are statistically independent, multivariate-normal random vectors, with E(s) = 0, var(s) = σ 2 s I, E(e) = 0, and var(e) = σ 2 e I. The case where there is a known upper bound on λ is emphasized. The 100(1 α α)% confidence sets, corresponding to the following two-sided tests of the…

摘要暂缺

加性模型下相关响应方差的“最优”估计AI 解读

Additive models are often employed to measure the impact of response errors on the accuracy of survey estimates. An important feature of these models is that the correlated errors from specified error sources, such as interviewers and coders, contribute additive components, called correlated response variance (CRV) components, to the total variance of a survey estimator. As a result of these correlated components, the usual estimators of variance of a mean or a total are…

横截面生存数据的非参数估计AI 解读

In many follow-up studies survival data are often observed according to a cross-sectional sampling scheme. Data of this type are subject to left truncation in addition to the usual right censoring. A number of characteristics and properties of the product-limit estimate, for left-truncated and right-censored data, have been explored and found to be similar to those of the Kaplan-Meier estimate. Under the stationarity assumption, however, it is believed that an alternative…

处理协变量测量错误的非参数方法AI 解读

Mismeasurement of covariate data is a frequent problem in statistical data analysis. However, when true and mismeasured data are obtained for a subsample of the observations, it is possible to estimate the parameters relating the outcome to the covariate of interest. Maximum likelihood methods that rely on parametric models for the mismeasurement have not met with much success. Realistic models for the mismeasurement process are difficult to construct; the form of the…

目标总体与抽样总体不同时的已知边际列联表模型AI 解读

The analysis of two-way contingency tables with known margins is considered. Four methods for estimating the cell probabilities are compared, namely, raking (RAKE), maximum likelihood under random sampling (MLRS), minimum chi-squared (MCSQ), and least squares (LSQ). Assuming random sampling from the target population, these methods are known to be asymptotically equivalent, and small-sample studies have suggested that MCSQ is slightly better than the other methods in average…

含随机效应的广义线性模型：Gibbs 抽样方法AI 解读

Generalized linear models have unified the approach to regression for a wide variety of discrete, continuous, and censored response variables that can be assumed to be independent across experimental units. In applications such as longitudinal studies, genetic studies of families, and survey sampling, observations may be obtained in clusters. Responses from the same cluster cannot be assumed to be independent. With linear models, correlation has been effectively modeled by…

1851—1985年北半球爆炸性火山活动的探索性分析AI 解读

Studies of regional climate following volcanic eruptions suggest that explosive volcanism exerts a short-term cooling effect. To understand the effects of explosive volcanism on historic temperatures, it is necessary to identify changes through time in the frequency of explosive eruptions. This article presents an exploratory analysis of a record of explosive eruptions in the Northern Hemisphere over the period 1851–1985. This record is modeled as a nonstationary Poisson…

综述：鱼类与野生动物种群参数的捕获、再捕获及移除建模AI 解读

In this article I review the modeling of capture, recapture, and removal statistics for the purpose of estimating demographic parameters of fish and wildlife populations. Topics considered include capture-recapture models, band or tag return models, removal and catch per unit effort models, selective removal or change-in-ratio models, radio-tagging survival models, and nest survival models. The purpose is to present important concepts in a general manner for the benefit of a…

综述：非参数密度估计的近期发展AI 解读

Advances in computation and the fast and cheap computational facilities now available to statisticians have had a significant impact upon statistical research, and especially the development of nonparametric data analysis procedures. In particular, theoretical and applied research on nonparametric density estimation has had a noticeable influence on related topics, such as nonparametric regression, nonparametric discrimination, and nonparametric pattern recognition. This…

摘要暂缺

指定年龄下“新优于旧”约束生存函数估计量的弱收敛AI 解读

A survival function S is said to be in the New Better than Used of age t 0 (NBU-t 0) class if S(x + t 0) ≤ S(t 0)S(x) for all x ≥ 0. Reneau and Samaniego proposed an estimator Ŝ n for S when S is known as a member of the NBU-t 0 class. Many properties of Ŝ n were studied by Reneau and Samaniego. The problems of the weak convergence of Wn = √n (Ŝ n − S), however, was not solved. In this article, we show that the weak convergence of Wn does not hold in general and establish…

尾部概率近似的一般方法AI 解读

A new transformation referred to as the G (m) n -transformation is introduced to establish a general methodology for finding functions that are easy to evaluate and give very good approximations to tail probabilities. The transformation is based only on a general class of differential equations that include the specified density function in the solution set, at least asymptotically. As a result this new method applies to a broad class of distributions. Not only is the method…

摘要暂缺

Rasch及相关指数响应模型的半参数估计与潜类别分析AI 解读

The Rasch model for item analysis is an important member of the class of exponential response models in which the number of nuisance parameters increases with the number of subjects, leading to the failure of the usual likelihood methodology. Both conditional-likelihood methods and mixture-model techniques have been used to circumvent these problems. In this article, we show that these seemingly unrelated analyses are in fact closely linked to each other, despite dramatic…

用贝叶斯逻辑回归多重插补人口普查行业与职业编码AI 解读

We describe methods used to create a new Census data base that can be used to study comparability of industry and occupation classification systems. This project represents the most extensive application of multiple imputation to date, and the modeling effort was considerable as well—hundreds of logistic regressions were estimated. One goal of this article is to summarize the strategies used in the project so that researchers can better understand how the new data bases were…

医疗照护模式研究中的贝叶斯与频率学派预测推断AI 解读

The Patterns of Care Studies were conducted to determine the quality of care received by cancer patients whose primary treatment modality is radiation therapy. In this article, we propose and evaluate models which, if acceptable, permit Bayesian and frequentist model-based predictive inference for the desired finite population parameters. Using both hierarchical Bayesian and frequentist mixed linear models, we describe methodology for making the desired inferences,…

DNA序列异质性评估中的若干统计问题AI 解读

The fields of molecular genetics and medicine are accumulating DNA and protein sequence data at an accelerating rate. Discovering and interpreting sequence patterns can contribute to understanding molecular mechanisms and evolutionary processes. This article considers two types of statistical problems in these contexts: (1) identifying anomalies in the distribution of a specified biochemical marker along a DNA string; in particular, new statistical methods are set forth by…

摘要暂缺

统计与计量经济学中的贝叶斯和似然方法：向乔治·A.巴纳德致敬的论文集AI 解读

Introduction. A Survey of George Barnard's Statistical Work. (D.V. Lindley). Foundations (Contributors: A.P. Dempster B.M. Hill J.S. Hodges D.A. Lane). Selected Applications (Contributors: S. Chib, S.R. Jammalamadaka, R.C. Tiwari L. Denby, R. Gnanadesikan, J.R. Kettenring, J.W. Suzansky S.E. Fienberg Y. Hiatovsky H. Tsurumi). Selected Inference Problems (Contributors: M.J. Bayarri, M.H. DeGroot L.D. Broemeling, M.S. Son, H.I. Hamdy C.-H. Chen, J.M. Dickey G.T. Duncan M.…