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用于分组与层级变量选择的复合绝对惩罚族AI 解读

Extracting useful information from high-dimensional data is an important focus of today’s statistical research and practice. Penalized loss function minimization has been shown to be effective for this task both theoretically and empirically. With the virtues of both regularization and sparsity, the L1-penalized squared error minimization method Lasso has been popular in regression models and beyond. In this paper, we combine different norms including L1 to form an…

While hidden class models of various types arise in many statistical applications, it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of their parameters. Focusing on models in which there is some structure of independence of some of the observed variables conditioned on hidden ones, we demonstrate a general approach for establishing identifiability utilizing algebraic arguments. A theorem of J. Kruskal for a simple latent-class model with finite state space lies at the…

利用 needlet 小波对方向数据进行自适应密度估计AI 解读

This paper is concerned with density estimation of directional data on the sphere. We introduce a procedure based on thresholding on a new type of spherical wavelets called needlets. We establish a minimax result and prove its optimality. We are motivated by astrophysical applications, in particular in connection with the analysis of ultra high-energy cosmic rays.

梯度场的路径密度AI 解读

We consider the problem of reliably finding filaments in point clouds. Realistic data sets often have numerous filaments of various sizes and shapes. Statistical techniques exist for finding one (or a few) filaments but these methods do not handle noisy data sets with many filaments. Other methods can be found in the astronomy literature but they do not have rigorous statistical guarantees. We propose the following method. Starting at each data point we construct the…

使用逆 Gamma 带宽高斯随机场的自适应贝叶斯估计AI 解读

We consider nonparametric Bayesian estimation inference using a rescaled smooth Gaussian field as a prior for a multidimensional function. The rescaling is achieved using a Gamma variable and the procedure can be viewed as choosing an inverse Gamma bandwidth. The procedure is studied from a frequentist perspective in three statistical settings involving replicated observations (density estimation, regression and classification). We prove that the resulting posterior…

极值分布谱测度的最大经验似然估计AI 解读

Consider a random sample from a bivariate distribution function F in the max-domain of attraction of an extreme-value distribution function G. This G is characterized by two extreme-value indices and a spectral measure, the latter determining the tail dependence structure of F. A major issue in multivariate extreme-value theory is the estimation of the spectral measure Φp with respect to the Lp norm. For every p∈[1, ∞], a nonparametric maximum empirical likelihood estimator…

多维因果时间过程准极大似然估计量的渐近正态性AI 解读

Strong consistency and asymptotic normality of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator are given for a general class of multidimensional causal processes. For particular cases already studied in the literature [for instance univariate or multivariate ARCH(∞) processes], the assumptions required for establishing these results are often weaker than existing conditions. The QMLE asymptotic behavior is also given for numerous new examples of univariate or multivariate processes…

双变量极值 Copula 的秩推断AI 解读

Consider a continuous random pair (X, Y) whose dependence is characterized by an extreme-value copula with Pickands dependence function A. When the marginal distributions of X and Y are known, several consistent estimators of A are available. Most of them are variants of the estimators due to Pickands [Bull. Inst. Internat. Statist. 49 (1981) 859–878] and Capéraà, Fougères and Genest [Biometrika 84 (1997) 567–577]. In this paper, rank-based versions of these estimators are…

融合 Lasso 的性质与改进AI 解读

We consider estimating an unknown signal, both blocky and sparse, which is corrupted by additive noise. We study three interrelated least squares procedures and their asymptotic properties. The first procedure is the fused lasso, put forward by Friedman et al. [Ann. Appl. Statist. 1 (2007) 302–332], which we modify into a different estimator, called the fused adaptive lasso, with better properties. The other two estimators we discuss solve least squares problems on sieves;…

稀疏主成分半正定松弛的高维分析AI 解读

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical method for dimensionality reduction based on extracting the dominant eigenvectors of the sample covariance matrix. However, PCA is well known to behave poorly in the “large p, small n” setting, in which the problem dimension p is comparable to or larger than the sample size n. This paper studies PCA in this high-dimensional regime, but under the additional assumption that the maximal eigenvector is sparse, say, with at most k…

密度水平集的自适应Hausdorff估计AI 解读

Consider the problem of estimating the γ-level set Gγ*={x: f(x)≥γ} of an unknown d-dimensional density function f based on n independent observations X1, …, Xn from the density. This problem has been addressed under global error criteria related to the symmetric set difference. However, in certain applications a spatially uniform mode of convergence is desirable to ensure that the estimated set is close to the target set everywhere. The Hausdorff error criterion provides…

模型选择后的条件预测推断AI 解读

We give a finite-sample analysis of predictive inference procedures after model selection in regression with random design. The analysis is focused on a statistically challenging scenario where the number of potentially important explanatory variables can be infinite, where no regularity conditions are imposed on unknown parameters, where the number of explanatory variables in a “good” model can be of the same order as sample size and where the number of candidate models can…

非平稳时间序列的局部线性分位数估计AI 解读

We consider estimation of quantile curves for a general class of nonstationary processes. Consistency and central limit results are obtained for local linear quantile estimates under a mild short-range dependence condition. Our results are applied to environmental data sets. In particular, our results can be used to address the problem of whether climate variability has changed, an important problem raised by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) in 2001.

利用传播方法调节逐点自适应估计参数AI 解读

This paper discusses the problem of adaptive estimation of a univariate object like the value of a regression function at a given point or a linear functional in a linear inverse problem. We consider an adaptive procedure originated from Lepski [Theory Probab. Appl. 35 (1990) 454–466.] that selects in a data-driven way one estimate out of a given class of estimates ordered by their variability. A serious problem with using this and similar procedures is the choice of some…

平稳过程周期图最大值的极限分布AI 解读

Abstract. We consider the limit distribution of maxima of periodograms for stationary processes. Our method is based on m-dependent approximation for stationary processes and a moderate deviation result.

利用平滑方法改进 SAMC：理论与贝叶斯模型选择应用AI 解读

Stochastic approximation Monte Carlo (SAMC) has recently been proposed by Liang, Liu and Carroll [J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 102 (2007) 305–320] as a general simulation and optimization algorithm. In this paper, we propose to improve its convergence using smoothing methods and discuss the application of the new algorithm to Bayesian model selection problems. The new algorithm is tested through a change-point identification example. The numerical results indicate that the new…

非参数回归、置信区域与正则化AI 解读

In this paper we offer a unified approach to the problem of nonparametric regression on the unit interval. It is based on a universal, honest and nonasymptotic confidence region $\mathcal{A}_{n}$ which is defined by a set of linear inequalities involving the values of the functions at the design points. Interest will typically center on certain simplest functions in $\mathcal{A}_{n}$ where simplicity can be defined in terms of shape (number of local extremes, intervals of…

多元阿基米德 Copula、d 单调函数与 ℓ1 范数对称分布AI 解读

It is shown that a necessary and sufficient condition for an Archimedean copula generator to generate a d-dimensional copula is that the generator is a d-monotone function. The class of d-dimensional Archimedean copulas is shown to coincide with the class of survival copulas of d-dimensional ℓ1-norm symmetric distributions that place no point mass at the origin. The d-monotone Archimedean copula generators may be characterized using a little-known integral transform of…

Copula 的改进核估计：弱收敛与拟合优度检验AI 解读

We reconsider the existing kernel estimators for a copula function, as proposed in Gijbels and Mielniczuk [Comm. Statist. Theory Methods 19 (1990) 445–464], Fermanian, Radulovič and Wegkamp [Bernoulli 10 (2004) 847–860] and Chen and Huang [Canad. J. Statist. 35 (2007) 265–282]. All of these estimators have as a drawback that they can suffer from a corner bias problem. A way to deal with this is to impose rather stringent conditions on the copula, outruling as such many…

聚类数据的半参数模型AI 解读

In the analysis of cluster data the regression coefficients are frequently assumed to be the same across all clusters. This hampers the ability to study the varying impacts of factors on each cluster. In this paper, a semiparametric model is introduced to account for varying impacts of factors over clusters by using cluster-level covariates. It achieves the parsimony of parametrization and allows the explorations of nonlinear interactions. The random effect in the…

L1 正则化最小二乘回归的若干精确性能界AI 解读

We derive sharp performance bounds for least squares regression with L1 regularization from parameter estimation accuracy and feature selection quality perspectives. The main result proved for L1 regularization extends a similar result in [Ann. Statist. 35 (2007) 2313–2351] for the Dantzig selector. It gives an affirmative answer to an open question in [Ann. Statist. 35 (2007) 2358–2364]. Moreover, the result leads to an extended view of feature selection that allows less…

样本覆盖度非参数估计量的渐近正态性AI 解读

This paper establishes a necessary and sufficient condition for the asymptotic normality of the nonparametric estimator of sample coverage proposed by Good [Biometrica 40 (1953) 237–264]. This new necessary and sufficient condition extends the validity of the asymptotic normality beyond the previously proven cases.

含缺失数据的半参数加速失效时间模型渐近理论AI 解读

We consider a class of doubly weighted rank-based estimating methods for the transformation (or accelerated failure time) model with missing data as arise, for example, in case-cohort studies. The weights considered may not be predictable as required in a martingale stochastic process formulation. We treat the general problem as a semiparametric estimating equation problem and provide proofs of asymptotic properties for the weighted estimators, with either true weights or…

高效随机化自适应设计AI 解读

Response-adaptive randomization has recently attracted a lot of attention in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new and simple family of response-adaptive randomization procedures that attain the Cramer–Rao lower bounds on the allocation variances for any allocation proportions, including optimal allocation proportions. The allocation probability functions of proposed procedures are discontinuous. The existing large sample theory for adaptive designs relies on…