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共同基金 alpha 的异质可预测性：稀疏聚类 GMM 方法AI 解读

Mutual fund managers' skills, measured by risk-adjusted alphas, are predictable using fund characteristics identified by machine learning (e.g., Kaniel et al., 2023, JFE; DeMiguel et al., 2023, JFE). However, alpha's predictive power varies across funds and periods, with most funds exhibiting negligible alphas. To model this heterogeneous predictability, this paper introduces Sparse Clustering GMM, a nonparametric approach for uncovering latent fund groups. SCGMM clusters…

Lévy过程的快速无似然参数估计AI 解读

ABSTRACT Lévy processes are widely used in financial modeling due to their ability to capture discontinuities and heavy tails, which are common in high‐frequency asset return data. However, parameter estimation remains a challenge when associated likelihoods are unavailable or costly to compute. We propose a fast and accurate method for Lévy parameter estimation using the neural Bayes estimation (NBE) framework—a simulation‐based, likelihood‐free approach that leverages…

宏观审慎政策的尾部传导：叙事识别证据AI 解读

ABSTRACT We estimate the causal effects of macroprudential policies on the entire distribution of GDP growth for advanced European economies using a narrative‐identification strategy in a quantile‐regression framework. While macroprudential policy has near‐zero effects on the center of the GDP‐growth distribution, tighter policy brings benefits by reducing the variance of future growth, significantly boosting the left tail while simultaneously reducing the right. Assessing a…

广义自回归得分树与森林AI 解读

We propose methods to improve the forecasts from generalized autoregressive score (GAS) models (Creal, et al., 2013; Harvey, 2013) by localizing their parameters using decision trees and random forests. These methods avoid the curse of dimensionality faced by kernel-based approaches, and allow one to draw on information from multiple state variables simultaneously. We apply the new models to four distinct empirical analyses, and in all applications the proposed new methods…

定制已实现波动率：面向波动率预测的风险度量AI 解读

Standard realized volatility (RV) measures estimate the latent volatility of an asset price using high frequency data with no reference to how or where the estimate will subsequently be used. This paper presents methods for “tailoring” the estimate of volatility to the application in which it will be used. For example, if the volatility measure will be used in a specific parametric forecasting model, it may be possible to exploit that knowledge to construct a better measure…

动态分位数的函数系数 VAR 模型及非参数金融网络构建AI 解读

In this article, we investigate a functional coefficient vector autoregressive model for conditional quantiles, in which the interdependences among tail risks such as Value-at-Risk are allowed to vary smoothly with a variable of general economy. Methodologically, we develop an easy-to-implement two-stage procedure to estimate functionals in the dynamic network system based on the deep learning method of neural networks and the local linear smoothing technique. We establish…

隐含波动率预测中的神经切线核：非线性函数自回归方法AI 解读

Forecasting implied volatility across different levels of moneyness and maturity is crucial yet challenging due to the high dimensionality of the Implied Volatility Surface (IVS) and the nonlinearity that characterizes its temporal dependence. We adopt a Nonlinear Functional Autoregressive (NFAR) framework to a sequence of IVS and employ neural networks that admit a Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) parameterization to capture nonlinear interactions between surfaces. We illustrate…

非线性因子模型中的深度学习残差：低信噪比收益精度矩阵估计AI 解读

This paper introduces a consistent estimator and rate of convergence for the precision matrix of asset returns in large portfolios using a non-linear factor model within the deep learning framework. Our estimator remains valid even in low signal-to-noise ratio environments typical for financial markets and is compatible with the weak factor framework. Our theoretical analysis establishes uniform bounds on expected estimation risk based on deep neural networks for an…

神经网络资产定价中的显著性检验AI 解读

This study proposes a novel hypothesis test for evaluating the statistical significance of input variables in multi-layer perceptron (MLP) regression models. Theoretical foundations are established through consistency results and estimation rate analysis using the sieves method. To validate the test’s performance in complex and realistic settings, an extensive Monte Carlo simulation is conducted. Results of the simulation reveal that the test has a high power and low rate of…

机器学习能否修正期权定价模型？AI 解读

We introduce a novel two-step approach to predict implied volatility surfaces. Given any fitted parametric option pricing model, we train a feedforward neural network on the model-implied pricing errors to correct for mispricing and boost performance. Using a large dataset of S&P 500 options, we test our nonparametric correction on several parametric models ranging from ad-hoc Black–Scholes to structural stochastic volatility models and demonstrate the boosted performance…

股票市场的统计循环随机波动率模型AI 解读

The stochastic volatility (SV) model and its variants are widely used in the financial sector, while recurrent neural network (RNN) models are successfully used in many large-scale industrial applications of deep learning. We combine these two methods in a nontrivial way and propose a model, which we call the statistical recurrent stochastic volatility (SR-SV) model, to capture the dynamics of stochastic volatility. The proposed model is able to capture complex volatility…

结构VAR与金融网络：空间建模的最小距离方法AI 解读

Summary In this paper, I interpret a time series spatial model (T‐SAR) as a constrained structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model. Based on these restrictions, I propose a minimum distance approach to estimate the (row‐standardized) network matrix and the overall network influence parameter of the T‐SAR from the SVAR estimates. I also develop a Wald‐type test to assess the distance between these two models. To implement the methodology, I discuss machine learning methods…

利用线性回归与神经网络进行对冲AI 解读

We study neural networks as nonparametric estimation tools for the hedging of options. To this end, we design a network, named HedgeNet, that directly outputs a hedging strategy. This network is trained to minimize the hedging error instead of the pricing error. Applied to end-of-day and tick prices of S&P 500 and Euro Stoxx 50 options, the network is able to reduce the mean squared hedging error of the Black-Scholes benchmark significantly. However, a similar benefit arises…

循环条件异方差AI 解读

Summary We propose a new class of financial volatility models, called the REcurrent Conditional Heteroskedastic (RECH) models, to improve both in‐sample analysis and out‐of‐sample forecasting of the traditional conditional heteroskedastic models. In particular, we incorporate auxiliary deterministic processes, governed by recurrent neural networks, into the conditional variance of the traditional conditional heteroskedastic models, for example, GARCH‐type models, to flexibly…

模型复杂度能否提升资产配置表现？机器学习预测模型的证据AI 解读

Summary This study evaluates the benefits of integrating return forecasts from a variety of machine learning and forecast combination methods into an out‐of‐sample asset allocation framework. The economic evaluation of the forecasts shows that model complexity translates to improved results in the majority of cases considered, with shrinkage methods and shallow neural networks generating the highest individual performance. Overall, an investor would consistently realize…

时变参数模型框架中的收缩方法AI 解读

Shrinkage for time-varying parameter (TVP) models is investigated within a Bayesian framework, with the aim to automatically reduce time-varying parameters to static ones, if the model is overfitting. This is achieved through placing the double gamma shrinkage prior on the process variances. An efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme is developed, exploiting boosting based on the ancillarity-sufficiency interweaving strategy. The method is applicable both to TVP models for…

分层马尔可夫正态混合模型及金融资产收益应用AI 解读

Motivated by the common problem of constructing predictive distributions for daily asset returns over horizons of one to several trading days, this article introduces a new model for time series. This model is a generalization of the Markov normal mixture model in which the mixture components are themselves normal mixtures, and it is a specific case of an artificial neural network model with two hidden layers. The article uses the model to construct predictive distributions…

金融波动率的样条建模AI 解读

Summary We propose a flexible generalized auto-regressive conditional heteroscedasticity type of model for the prediction of volatility in financial time series. The approach relies on the idea of using multivariate B-splines of lagged observations and volatilities. Estimation of such a B-spline basis expansion is constructed within the likelihood framework for non-Gaussian observations. As the dimension of the B-spline basis is large, i.e. many parameters, we use…

树结构广义自回归条件异方差模型AI 解读

Summary We propose a new generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH) model with tree-structured multiple thresholds for the estimation of volatility in financial time series. The approach relies on the idea of a binary tree where every terminal node parameterizes a (local) GARCH model for a partition cell of the predictor space. The fitting of such trees is constructed within the likelihood framework for non-Gaussian observations: it is very different from…

利用金融与经济变量预测股票收益的非线性可预测性AI 解读

In a recent article by Qi, neural networks trained by Bayesian regularization were used to predict excess returns on the S&P 500. The article concluded that the switching portfolio based on the recursive neural-network forecasts generates higher accumulated wealth with lower risks than that based on linear regression. Unfortunately, attempts to replicate the results were unsuccessful. Replicated results using the same software, approach and data detailed by Qi indicate that,…