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拒绝抽样的自助法方差估计AI 解读

Replication procedures have proven useful for variance estimation for large scale complex surveys. As an extension of bootstrap procedures to rejective samples, we define a bootstrap sample that is a rejective, unequal probability, replacement sample selected from the original sample. A modification of the bootstrap with improved performance is suggested for stratified samples with small stratum sizes. Simulations for Poisson and stratified rejective samples support the use…

调查抽样中多重插补方差估计量的偏差AI 解读

Summary Multiple imputation is a method of estimating the variances of estimators that are constructed with some imputed data. We give an expression for the bias of the multiple-imputation variance estimator for data that are collected with a complex sample design. The bias may be sizable for certain estimators, such as domain means, when a large fraction of the values are imputed. A bias-adjusted variance estimator is suggested.

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单位根检验准则的比较AI 解读

The ordinary least squares estimator has been widely used for testing the unit-root hypothesis in autoregressive processes. Recently, several new criteria, based on maximum likelihood and weighted symmetric estimators, have been proposed. In this article, the authors describe several different test criteria. Results from Monte Carlo studies that compare the power of the different test criteria indicate that the new tests are more powerful against the stationary alternative.…

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二阶自回归多项式根的大样本分布AI 解读

The roots of the characteristic polynomial of an autoregressive process are sometimes of interest. In this paper, we show that the estimated roots of a second order autoregressive polynomial have different asymptotic distributions depending upon whether the true roots are equal or unequal.

非线性约束下线性时间序列模型的参数估计AI 解读

Least squares estimators of the parameters of a linear time series model, where the parameters are constrained by a set of nonlinear restrictions, are studied. The model may contain lags of the dependent variable as regressors and the sums of squares of the explanatory variables may grow at different rates as the sample size increases. The estimation procedures can be applied to a regression model with an error process that satisfies either a stationary or a nonstationary…

复杂调查设计下的分位数估计AI 解读

Estimation of the finite population distribution function and related statistics, such as the median and interquartile range, is considered. Large-sample properties of estimators constructed from stratified cluster samples, and properties of large-sample confidence intervals, are established. The results are obtained within the context of a sequence of finite populations generated from a superpopulation.

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非线性函数关系的估计AI 解读

Estimation of the parameters of the nonlinear functional model with known error covariance matrix is discussed. Asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator for the implicit functional model are presented. The approximate bias in the maximum likelihood estimator due to the nonlinearity of the relationship is given and a bias-adjusted estimator is suggested. Numerical and theoretical results support the superiority of the bias-adjusted estimator relative to the…

利用调查与卫星数据预测县级作物面积的误差分量模型AI 解读

Knowledge of the area under different crops is important to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Sample surveys have been designed to estimate crop areas for large regions, such as crop-reporting districts, individual states, and the United States as a whole. Predicting crop areas for small areas such as counties has generally not been attempted, due to a lack of available data from farm surveys for these areas. The use of satellite data in association with farm-level survey…

Methods are developed for combining data collected by satellite with data collected in an area survey to estimate crop acreages. The basic procedure is that of survey regression estimation. Two methods of transforming the satellite information prior to regression estimation are compared.

用于劳动力流动分析的多项分类回答误差模型AI 解读

A model for the response error associated with reported categorical data is developed. The model is used to construct estimators for the interior cells of a two-way table with marginals subject to independent response error. The estimation procedure is applied to the month-to-month table of employment status obtained from the U.S. Current Population Survey.

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测量误差协方差矩阵由估计获得时的多元变量误差模型估计AI 解读

The errors-in-variables model in which the unobserved true values satisfy multiple linear restrictions is considered. Under the assumptions that the unobservable true values are normally distributed and that an estimator of the covariance matrix of the measurement error is available, the maximum likelihood estimators are derived. The limiting properties of the estimators are obtained for a wide range of assumptions, including the assumption of fixed true values.

一阶移动平均参数最小二乘估计的一致性AI 解读

The consistency of the least squares estimator of the parameter of the first order moving average time series is proven for the parameter in the interval $\\lbrack -1, 1 \\rbrack$.

季节性时间序列模型中非平稳参数设定的检验AI 解读

Let $Y_t$ be an autoregressive process satisfying $Y_t = \alpha_1 Y_{t - 1} + \alpha_2 Y_{t - d} + \alpha_3 Y_{t - d - 1} + e_t$, where $\{e_t\}^\infty_{t = 0}$ is a sequence of $\operatorname{iid}(0, \sigma^2)$ random variables and $d \geq 2$. Such processes have been used as parametric models for seasonal time series. Typical values of $d$ are 2, 4, and 12 corresponding to time series observed semi-annually, quarterly, and monthly, respectively. If $\alpha_1 = 1, \alpha_2 = 1, \alpha_3 = - 1$…

非线性变量测量误差模型的估计AI 解读

An estimation procedure is presented for the coefficients of the nonlinear functional relation, where observations are subject to measurement error. The distributional properties of the estimators are derived, and a consistent estimator of the covariance matrix is given. In deriving the results it is assumed that the covariance matrix of the observational errors is known and that this covariance matrix is $o(n^{-1/3})$, where $n$ is the index of the sequence of estimators.

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回归超总体模型下的调查抽样设计AI 解读

The construction of sample designs and estimators under a linear regression superpopulation model is considered. The anticipated variance, the variance of the predictor computed with respect to the sampling design and the superpopulation model, is used as a criterion for evaluating probability designs and model-unbiased predictors. Regression predictors that are model unbiased and design consistent are constructed.

二次变量测量误差模型的估计AI 解读

An estimator is presented for the coefficients of the quadratic functional relationship. The estimator is shown to be asymptotically normally distributed as the sample size increases. In deriving this result it is not assumed that replication occurs. A Monte Carlo study is presented agreeing well with the asymptotic results. An example from the earth sciences is analysed.

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随机差分方程的参数估计AI 解读

Let $Y_t$ satisfy the stochastic difference equation $Y_t = \sum^q_{i=1} \psi_{ti} \alpha_i + \sum^p_{j=1} \gamma_j Y_{t-j} + e_t,$ where the $\{\psi_{ti}\}$ are fixed sequences and (or) weakly stationary time series and the $e_t$ are independent random variables, each with mean zero and variance $\sigma^2$. The form of the limiting distributions of the least squares estimators of $\alpha_i$ and $\gamma_j$ depend upon the absolute value of the largest root of the…

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