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用于评估自回归过程处理效应的动态合成控制法AI 解读

Abstract Motivated by evaluating the effects of air pollution alerts on air quality, we propose the dynamic synthetic control method for micro-level data with time-varying confounders and spatial dependence under an auto-regressive model setting. We employ the empirical likelihood to define the synthetic control weights, which ensures a unique solution and permits theoretical analysis. The dynamic matching increases the feasibility of matching and enables us to assess the…

针对缺失值与观察性研究进行处理前变量调整的Mann–Whitney检验AI 解读

Summary The conventional Wilcoxon or Mann–Whitney test can be invalid for comparing treatment effects in the presence of missing values or in observational studies. This is because the missingness of the outcomes or the participation in the treatments may depend on certain pretreatment variables. We propose an approach to adjust the Mann–Whitney test by correcting the potential bias via consistently estimating the conditional distributions of the outcomes given the…

分位数的平滑经验似然置信区间AI 解读

Standard empirical likelihood confidence intervals for quantiles are identical to sign-test intervals. They have relatively large coverage error, of size $n^{-1/2}$, even though they are two-sided intervals. We show that smoothed empirical likelihood confidence intervals for quantiles have coverage error of order $n^{-1}$, and may be Bartlett-corrected to produce intervals with an error of order only $n^{-2}$. Necessary and sufficient conditions on the smoothing parameter,…