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数据依赖型治疗分配规则下的统计推断AI 解读

In comparing two treatments with dichotomous responses, the randomized play-the-winner rule (Wei and Durham 1978) tends to assign more study subjects to the better treatment. For ethical reasons, this property is desirable for studies on human subjects. The randomized play-the-winner rule, which is a modification of Zelen's play-the-winner rule (Zelen 1969), is not deterministic and is less vulnerable to experimental bias than other adaptive designs. Recently, this design…

受限随机分配规则下的区间估计AI 解读

In comparing two treatments in a clinical trial, suppose that patients are assigned sequentially to treatments by a restricted randomization rule. Exact and approximate confidence intervals for treatment difference are derived without assuming that the study subjects were obtained by random sampling from a well-defined population. We show that, if there is a time trend among the responses of study subjects, one should not ignore the design in the analysis. All the procedures…

受限随机分配规则下的区间估计AI 解读

In comparing two treatments in a clinical trial, suppose that patients are assigned sequentially to treatments by a restricted randomization rule. Exact and approximate confidence intervals for treatment difference are derived without assuming that the study subjects were obtained by random sampling from a well-defined population. We show that, if there is a time trend among the responses of study subjects, one should not ignore the design in the analysis. All the procedures…

受限随机化设计的条件推断AI 解读

In a clinical trial to compare two treatments, suppose that patients are assigned to treatment according to a certain class of restricted randomization rules. Conditional on the difference in numbers between the two treatment groups, the asymptotic null distribution of a class of permutation tests is shown to be Gaussian.

临床试验中受限随机化规则下的多处理比较AI 解读

In the course of conducting a clinical trial to compare $K (\geq 2)$ treatments, it is often desirable to balance the trial with respect to the assignments of patients to treatments. On the other hand, some form of randomization of treatment assignments is essential for reducing experimental bias. In this article, the large-sample approximation to the null distribution of $K$-sample randomization tests generated from a broad class of restricted randomization rules is…

受限随机化设计下的显著性检验AI 解读

Experimental subjects are assigned to one of two treatments sequentially by restricted randomization assignment rules. Significance tests generated from these rules are discussed. Under rather mild conditions on the test scores the asymptotic null permutational distribution of tests based on the urn design (Wei, 1977, 1978a) is shown to be normal.

受限随机化设计下的显著性检验AI 解读

Experimental subjects are assigned to one of two treatments sequentially by restricted randomization assignment rules. Significance tests generated from these rules are discussed. Under rather mild conditions on the test scores the asymptotic null permutational distribution of tests based on the urn design (Wei, 1977, 1978a) is shown to be normal.