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协方差分量模型中的估计AI 解读

Estimation techniques for linear covariance components models are developed and illustrated with special emphasis on explaining computational processes. The estimation of fixed and random effects when the variances and covariances are known is presented in Bayesian terms, Point estimates of the unknown variances and covariances are computed using the EM algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation from incomplete data. The techniques are illustrated with data on law schools,…

两阶段卡方拟合优度检验AI 解读

Consider sampling in two stages for testing a simple hypothesis about a population whose elements may be classified into a finite number of classes. The joint asymptotic distribution of the two Pearson X2 statistics based on the first and combined samples is derived and used to construct a two-stage test. The advantage of this test relative to the conventional one-stage test is discussed in terms of its asymptotic power. Tables of critical values for 1 percent and 5 percent…

生物测定中的随机游走设计AI 解读

Two estimators of the median based on sequentially obtained quantal response data are studied. The design is essentially the up-and-down method and consists of taking K observations per trial at sequentially determined levels until some fixed total sample size is obtained. The asymptotic distribution of the sample average, , of the levels is studied and an estimate of its variance is proposed. The bias and mean square error of , which have been numerically evaluated for the…