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用信号提取方法建模具有脉冲与变化基线的激素时间序列AI 解读

Hormones serve as regulating signals for many biological processes. In recent years, it was determined that many hormones are secreted in a pulsatile manner and that the pulsatile secretion pattern, in addition to the absolute concentration level, is important in regulating biological processes. Consequently, it is necessary to characterize the latent secretion patterns from measurements of concentration levels. The characterization is complicated by the presence of a…

含脉冲与变化基线的激素时间序列信号提取方法AI 解读

Hormones serve as regulating signals for many biological processes. In recent years, it was determined that many hormones are secreted in a pulsatile manner and that the pulsatile secretion pattern, in addition to the absolute concentration level, is important in regulating biological processes. Consequently, it is necessary to characterize the latent secretion patterns from measurements of concentration levels. The characterization is complicated by the presence of a…

存在不可忽略无回答的分类数据模型AI 解读

When categorical outcomes are subject to nonignorable nonresponse, log-linear models may be used to adjust for the nonresponse. The models are fitted to the data in an augmented frequency table in which one index corresponds to whether or not the subject is a respondent. The likelihood function is maximized over pseudo-observed cell frequencies with respect to this log-linear model using an EM algorithm. Each E step of the EM algorithm determines the pseudo-observed cell…

期望频数受线性约束时对数线性模型的最大似然方法AI 解读

Hypotheses relating to log-linear models may be defined in terms of constraints on the frequencies or on the logarithms of the frequencies. A two-step algorithm is developed to allow fitting models containing constraints of both types. This algorithm is shown to yield maximum likelihood estimates of the log-linear parameters. Three examples are presented to illustrate cases in which these models are of interest.

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二维列联表相关性检验的抽样表现AI 解读

In the two-way contingency table with ordered categories, commonly used measures of association include Γ, τ b , τ c , the correlation coefficient, and Spearman's rank correlation. We propose a new formula for the asymptotic standard error (ase) of each statistic, and compare its behavior to that of previous formulas when used in a test of the hypothesis that the measure is zero.

方差相等性的稳健检验AI 解读

Alternative formulations of Levene's test statistic for equality of variances are found to be robust under nonnormality. These statistics use more robust estimators of central location in place of the mean. They are compared with the unmodified Levene's statistic, a jackknife procedure, and a χ2 test suggested by Layard which are all found to be less robust under nonnormality.