Estimating Vaccine Efficacy From Secondary Attack Rates
利用二代罹患率估计疫苗效力
Epidemiologists have used secondary attack rates (SARs) to estimate the protective effects of vaccination since the 1930s. SARs can also be used to estimate the effect of vaccination on reducing infectiousness in breakthrough cases. The conventional SAR approach has been to pool the denominators and numerators across transmission units, then to use a confidence interval for a simple relative risk. We demonstrate appropriate model-based methods to estimate vaccine efficacy…