Bootstrapping State-Space Models: Gaussian Maximum Likelihood Estimation and the Kalman Filter
状态空间模型的自助法:高斯最大似然估计与卡尔曼滤波
The bootstrap is proposed as a method for assessing the precision of Gaussian maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of linear state-space models. Our results also apply to autoregressive moving average models, since they are a special case of state-space models. It is shown that for a time-invariant, stable system, the bootstrap applied to the innovations yields asymptotically consistent standard errors. To investigate the performance of the bootstrap for finite…